Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2307.05031 · IEEE photonics journal

Compressive Single-Pixel Read-Out of Single-Photon Quantum Walks on a Polymer Photonic Chip

Aveek Chandra, Shuin Jian Wu, Angelina Frank, James A. Grieve

Published Jun 1, 2023• 3 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Quantum photonic devices operating in the single photon regime require the detection and characterization of quantum states of light. Chip-scale, waveguide-based devices are a key enabling technology for increasing the scale and complexity of such systems. Collecting single photons from multiple outputs at the end-face of such a chip is a core task that is frequently non-trivial, especially when output ports are densely spaced. We demonstrate a novel, inexpensive method to efficiently image and route individual output modes of a polymer photonic chip, where single photons undergo a quantum walk. The method makes use of single-pixel imaging (SPI) with a digital micromirror device (DMD). By implementing a series of masks on the DMD and collecting the reflected signal into single-photon detectors, the spatial distribution of the single photons can be reconstructed with high accuracy. We also demonstrate the feasibility of optimization strategies based on compressive sensing.

DOI
10.1109/jphot.2023.3281830

Related papers

Two-Photon Read-Out of a Quantum Optics Chip with a Single Pixel Camera

Kian Fong Ng, Paul C. V. Thrane, Adithyan Radhakrishnan +2 more

We demonstrate the use of computational imaging techniques and a single-pixel camera based on a pair of avalanche photodiodes to reconstruct two-photon probability distributions at the output of a polymer waveguide device.

Frontiers in Optics•Jan 1, 2019•0 citations

Spatially Shaped Photons for Single-pixel Quantum Imaging

Сыч Денис Васильевич, Valentin Averchenko

Abstract Single-pixel imaging is a method for obtaining an image without multi-pixel sensors. In this method, an object of interest is illuminated by light that has specifically designed spatio-temporal shape, while a single-pixel detector measures the total amount of reflected or transmitted light. The key prerequisite of this method is the ability to create a given spatio-temporal light shape, which becomes especially challenging at the level of single photons. The current photon shaping procedures cannot be directly applied to single-pixel imaging due to the limited generation rate or the need for post-processing. In this work, we propose a highly efficient method for generating arbitrary single-photon shapes without post-selection. We exploit the heralded single-photon shaping approach, and study the effect of the modal properties of a single-photon detection on the characteristics of the heralded photon. We find that the use of multi-mode detection allows to increase the heralding probability of shaped photons proportionally to the number of detected modes while keeping the shape intact, which makes it highly desirable for single-pixel quantum imaging.

Lobachevskii Journal of Mathematics•Jun 1, 2024•3 citations

On-chip generation and characterization of quantum light

James Titchener

Technologies based on quantum mechanics promise to revolutionize the collection, processing and communication of information. However, due to the fragility of quantum coherence, complex quantum states can only exist in highly isolated and stable environments. One suitable environment is that of a quantum photonic chip. Quantum integrated photonics seeks to generate, process and detect complex quantum states inside a photonic chip. This thesis presents theory and experimental verification of novel approaches for the integration of various functionalities into quantum photonic chips in a scalable way. As such, this thesis encompasses a broad area of physics including quantum optics and nonlinear photonics. The results presented in this thesis have applications in the areas of quantum enhanced measurement, communication and information processing. In particular we develop the theory and experimentally demonstrate flexible on-chip sources of spatially entangled photons, the state of which can be reconfigured alloptically. We show how such techniques could enable the realization of simple cluster state quantum computing algorithms using spatially encoded two-photon states. Furthermore, we suggest new and practical approaches for the efficient characterization of mass produced nonlinear quantum photonic chips. Finally we develop and experimentally demonstrate a scalable method for the full quantum state tomography of multi-photon states on-chip. Importantly this technique only requires a linearly increasing number of single photon detectors relative to the number of photons in the state being characterized, and is also highly compatible with on-chip single photon detectors.

•Jan 1, 2017•0 citations

On-chip detection of non-classical light by scalable integration of single-photon detectors

Faraz Najafi, Jacob Mower, Nicholas C. Harris +9 more

Photonic-integrated circuits have emerged as a scalable platform for complex quantum systems. A central goal is to integrate single-photon detectors to reduce optical losses, latency and wiring complexity associated with off-chip detectors. Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are particularly attractive because of high detection efficiency, sub-50-ps jitter and nanosecond-scale reset time. However, while single detectors have been incorporated into individual waveguides, the system detection efficiency of multiple SNSPDs in one photonic circuit-required for scalable quantum photonic circuits-has been limited to <0.2%. Here we introduce a micrometer-scale flip-chip process that enables scalable integration of SNSPDs on a range of photonic circuits. Ten low-jitter detectors are integrated on one circuit with 100% device yield. With an average system detection efficiency beyond 10%, and estimated on-chip detection efficiency of 14-52% for four detectors operated simultaneously, we demonstrate, to the best of our knowledge, the first on-chip photon correlation measurements of non-classical light.

arXiv:1405.4244•Nature Communications•Jan 9, 2015•330 citations

Efficient and stable fiber-to-chip coupling enabling the injection of telecom quantum dot photons into a silicon photonic chip

Stephanie Bauer, Dongze Wang, Niklas Hoppe +7 more

The capability of realizing quantum photonics implementations on-chip will have a strong impact on several aspects of quantum computation and information processing. The implementation of large scale integrated quantum photonic technologies requires on-chip reconfigurable waveguide circuits as well as single-photon sources and detectors. Many successes have been made in recent years to demonstrate complex quantum circuits in many material platforms. Among all these platforms, the Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) platform is outstanding as it is well developed for classical applications and therefore deploys a high component density, mature fabrication techniques and compatibility with the telecom regime and the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. However, the lack of on-demand non-classical light sources, directly incorporated in silicon chips, forces the use of nonlinear processes to generate non-classical light states: the probabilistic nature of the emission process sets a limit in the maximally achievable experimental complexity. The use of on-demand sources will have a strong impact on the device’s scalability.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•Jun 21, 2021•0 citations

SIC-POVM tomography in integrated photonics chips

Andrei-Emanuel Dragomir, Radu Ionicioiu

Reconstructing the state of a quantum system, called quantum state tomography, is an essential task in quantum technologies.Standard methods are inefficient, as they scale exponentially with the number of qubits.Better scaling methods, such as SIC-POVM tomography, are not yet widespread due to their measurement complexity.As such, there is an urgent need to find efficient and compact devices for performing tomography of photonic states.Here we present simulations of photonic devices implementing SIC-POVM tomography in photonic chips.We obtain fidelities F = 0.8452 (for qubits) and F = 0.7609 (for qutrits).Our results show that we can design efficient and compact SIC-POVM tomography modules for integrated-photonics quantum chips.Since integrated photonics is a major quantum technology platform, we expect our results to be instrumental in the future development of compact, costeffective quantum devices.Applications include quantum communications, quantum computing, quantum sensing and quantum imaging.

Romanian Reports in Physics•Nov 14, 2023•1 citation
Quantum photonic devices operating in the single photon regime require the detection and characterization of quantum states of light. Chip-scale, waveguide-based devices are a key enabling technology for increasing the scale and complexity of such systems. Collecting single photons from multiple outputs at the end-face of such a chip is a core task that is frequently non-trivial, especially when output ports are densely spaced. We demonstrate a novel, inexpensive method to efficiently image and route individual output modes of a polymer photonic chip, where single photons undergo a quantum walk. The method makes use of single-pixel imaging (SPI) with a digital micromirror device (DMD). By implementing a series of masks on the DMD and collecting the reflected signal into single-photon detectors, the spatial distribution of the single photons can be reconstructed with high accuracy. We also demonstrate the feasibility of optimization strategies based on compressive sensing.
Abstract Single-pixel imaging is a method for obtaining an image without multi-pixel sensors. In this method, an object of interest is illuminated by light that has specifically designed spatio-temporal shape, while a single-pixel detector measures the total amount of reflected or transmitted light. The key prerequisite of this method is the ability to create a given spatio-temporal light shape, which becomes especially challenging at the level of single photons. The current photon shaping procedures cannot be directly applied to single-pixel imaging due to the limited generation rate or the need for post-processing. In this work, we propose a highly efficient method for generating arbitrary single-photon shapes without post-selection. We exploit the heralded single-photon shaping approach, and study the effect of the modal properties of a single-photon detection on the characteristics of the heralded photon. We find that the use of multi-mode detection allows to increase the heralding probability of shaped photons proportionally to the number of detected modes while keeping the shape intact, which makes it highly desirable for single-pixel quantum imaging.
Technologies based on quantum mechanics promise to revolutionize the collection, processing and communication of information. However, due to the fragility of quantum coherence, complex quantum states can only exist in highly isolated and stable environments. One suitable environment is that of a quantum photonic chip. Quantum integrated photonics seeks to generate, process and detect complex quantum states inside a photonic chip. This thesis presents theory and experimental verification of novel approaches for the integration of various functionalities into quantum photonic chips in a scalable way. As such, this thesis encompasses a broad area of physics including quantum optics and nonlinear photonics. The results presented in this thesis have applications in the areas of quantum enhanced measurement, communication and information processing. In particular we develop the theory and experimentally demonstrate flexible on-chip sources of spatially entangled photons, the state of which can be reconfigured alloptically. We show how such techniques could enable the realization of simple cluster state quantum computing algorithms using spatially encoded two-photon states. Furthermore, we suggest new and practical approaches for the efficient characterization of mass produced nonlinear quantum photonic chips. Finally we develop and experimentally demonstrate a scalable method for the full quantum state tomography of multi-photon states on-chip. Importantly this technique only requires a linearly increasing number of single photon detectors relative to the number of photons in the state being characterized, and is also highly compatible with on-chip single photon detectors.
Photonic-integrated circuits have emerged as a scalable platform for complex quantum systems. A central goal is to integrate single-photon detectors to reduce optical losses, latency and wiring complexity associated with off-chip detectors. Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are particularly attractive because of high detection efficiency, sub-50-ps jitter and nanosecond-scale reset time. However, while single detectors have been incorporated into individual waveguides, the system detection efficiency of multiple SNSPDs in one photonic circuit-required for scalable quantum photonic circuits-has been limited to <0.2%. Here we introduce a micrometer-scale flip-chip process that enables scalable integration of SNSPDs on a range of photonic circuits. Ten low-jitter detectors are integrated on one circuit with 100% device yield. With an average system detection efficiency beyond 10%, and estimated on-chip detection efficiency of 14-52% for four detectors operated simultaneously, we demonstrate, to the best of our knowledge, the first on-chip photon correlation measurements of non-classical light.
The capability of realizing quantum photonics implementations on-chip will have a strong impact on several aspects of quantum computation and information processing. The implementation of large scale integrated quantum photonic technologies requires on-chip reconfigurable waveguide circuits as well as single-photon sources and detectors. Many successes have been made in recent years to demonstrate complex quantum circuits in many material platforms. Among all these platforms, the Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) platform is outstanding as it is well developed for classical applications and therefore deploys a high component density, mature fabrication techniques and compatibility with the telecom regime and the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. However, the lack of on-demand non-classical light sources, directly incorporated in silicon chips, forces the use of nonlinear processes to generate non-classical light states: the probabilistic nature of the emission process sets a limit in the maximally achievable experimental complexity. The use of on-demand sources will have a strong impact on the device’s scalability.
Reconstructing the state of a quantum system, called quantum state tomography, is an essential task in quantum technologies.Standard methods are inefficient, as they scale exponentially with the number of qubits.Better scaling methods, such as SIC-POVM tomography, are not yet widespread due to their measurement complexity.As such, there is an urgent need to find efficient and compact devices for performing tomography of photonic states.Here we present simulations of photonic devices implementing SIC-POVM tomography in photonic chips.We obtain fidelities F = 0.8452 (for qubits) and F = 0.7609 (for qutrits).Our results show that we can design efficient and compact SIC-POVM tomography modules for integrated-photonics quantum chips.Since integrated photonics is a major quantum technology platform, we expect our results to be instrumental in the future development of compact, costeffective quantum devices.Applications include quantum communications, quantum computing, quantum sensing and quantum imaging.