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arXiv:2305.17897

Secrecy Capacity Analysis of 4-WFRFT Based Physical Layer Security in MIMO System

Xu, T., Xianyi Wu, Jianzhong Charlie Zhang

Published May 29, 2023• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The traditional information security based on cryptosystem is seriously threatened due to the exponential growth of computing capacity. In order to improve for the upper cryptosystem security, the secure transmission at the physical layer is introduced into the wireless communication system. However, considering the openness of wireless channel, the performance analysis of security wireless communication systems has become a hot issue in recent years. Due to the existence of the upper layer cryptosystem being cracked and the openness of wireless channel security problems, the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology increases the difference between channels, the development of its rich spatial degrees of freedom can greatly improve the channel capacity and achieve the purpose of enhancing the Physical layer security (PLS); On this basis, Weighted Type Fractional Fourier Transform (WFrFT) technology rotates and splits the constellation points of signals, it is equivalent to increasing the artificial noise to enhance the PLS. The Average security capacity is an important index to measure the PLS, Therefore, this paper deduces the Average security capacity in MIMO scenario and gives a specific closed expression when considering the channel correlation. By analyzing the expression, the increase of the number of MIMO antennas will improve the Average security capacity. When the estimated bias is 1 in 4-WFRFT, the Average security capacity will be significantly improved; the Average security capacity will reach the maximum value, thus enhancing the PLS.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2305.17897

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The traditional information security based on cryptosystem is seriously threatened due to the exponential growth of computing capacity. In order to improve for the upper cryptosystem security, the secure transmission at the physical layer is introduced into the wireless communication system. However, considering the openness of wireless channel, the performance analysis of security wireless communication systems has become a hot issue in recent years. Due to the existence of the upper layer cryptosystem being cracked and the openness of wireless channel security problems, the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology increases the difference between channels, the development of its rich spatial degrees of freedom can greatly improve the channel capacity and achieve the purpose of enhancing the Physical layer security (PLS); On this basis, Weighted Type Fractional Fourier Transform (WFrFT) technology rotates and splits the constellation points of signals, it is equivalent to increasing the artificial noise to enhance the PLS. The Average security capacity is an important index to measure the PLS, Therefore, this paper deduces the Average security capacity in MIMO scenario and gives a specific closed expression when considering the channel correlation. By analyzing the expression, the increase of the number of MIMO antennas will improve the Average security capacity. When the estimated bias is 1 in 4-WFRFT, the Average security capacity will be significantly improved; the Average security capacity will reach the maximum value, thus enhancing the PLS.
In this paper, the integration of antenna selection(AS) and 4-weighted-type fractional Fourier transform (4-WFRFT) technologies into the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system based channel correlation has been proposed to enhance the security performance of wireless communications, where the energy of transmitting signals is split into four portions by employing the 4-WFRFT technology. This is equivalent to introducing additional artificial noise at the eavesdropper. To characterize system performance, the channel correlation is first considered, then we propose a valid method to model the distribution of composite instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of eavesdropper as the tractable exponential distribution. Furthermore, we drive the close-form expressions for both the joint probability density function (PDF) of channel and the average SNR at the eavesdropper. Based on above results, we deduce the close-form expressions of average security capacity with AS and 4-WFRFT technologies. To obtain further insights, we also derive the theoretical expressions of secrecy outage probability. The analysis results show that AS and 4-WFRFT technologies exist to simultaneously increase the average security capacity and then decrease the secrecy outage probability. The numerical results illustrate that: 1) 4-WFRF technology can validly eliminate the impact of channel correlation due to introducing the artificial noise; 2) the secrecy performance of system can be improved remarkably by employing AS and 4-WFRFT technologies.
In this paper, 4-weighted-type fractional Fourier transform (4-WFRFT) technology is introduced into Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) correlated Rayleigh fading channel to enhance physical layer security (PLS) significantly. The MIMO correlated Rayleigh fading channel is built first, and then 4-WFRFT is introduced into correlated channel model while transmitter and receiver share transform order but eavesdropper cannot acquire the exact transform order, so there is estimate error at eavesdropper. In MIMO correlated channel while using 4-WFRFT, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of receiver and eavesdropper are derived, then the average secrecy capacity (ASC) is derived, at last the simulation results are analyzed. It can be concluded that when the estimate error is not zero, 4-WFRFT technology can reduce the SNR of eavesdropper while the SNR of receiver is unaffected, so 4-WFRFT can increase ASC significantly. When estimate error is within [0, 1], the greater the estimate error is, the greater ASC is, but not the case within [1], [2]. But when the estimate error is zero, it means eavesdropper acquire the transform order shared by transmitter and receiver, 4-WFRFT cannot achieve the purpose of enhancing PLS.
In this paper, a 4-weighted-type fractional Fourier transform (4-WFRFT) technology is presented to enhance the physical layer security (PLS) performance in a system of multiple eavesdroppers. The average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of eavesdroppers is first derived. Based on the derived average SNR, closed-form expressions of average security capacity (ASC) and secrecy outage probability (SOP) are obtained by employing the 4-WFRFT technology. The numerical results demonstrate that: 1) when the number of eavesdroppers increases, the 4 -WFRFT technology can also obtain a higher secrecy capacity. 2) the ASC decreases first but finally keeps at a constant value as the number of eavesdroppers increases. Simulations verify our analysis and demonstrate the 4 -WFRFT technology can validly improve the PLS performance in the multiple eavesdroppers system.
Physical layer security is an important method to improve the secrecy performance of wireless communication systems. In this paper, we analyze the effect of employing channel correlation to improve security performance in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) scenario with antenna selection (AS) scheme. We first derive the analytical expressions of average secrecy capacity (ASC) and secrecy outage probability (SOP) by the first order Marcum Q function. Then, the asymptotic expressions of ASC and SOP in two specific scenarios are further derived. The correctness of analytical and asymptotic expressions is verified by Monte Carlo simulations. The conclusions suggest that the analytical expressions of ASC and SOP are related to the product of transmitting and receiving antennas; increasing the number of antennas is beneficial to ASC and SOP. Besides, when the target rate is set at a low level, strong channel correlation is bad for ASC, but is beneficial to SOP.
In this paper, a two-dimensional weighted fractional Fourier transform (2DWFRFT) based secure spatial modulation (SM) scheme is proposed to enhance the physical layer security (PLS) of the wireless communication system. In the proposed scheme, 2DWFRFT is implemented as the security kernel for PLS provision. The invertibility and uniqueness of the 2DWFRFT effectively protect the confidential messages from being intercepted by the eavesdroppers while imposing no performance degradation on the legitimate receiver. Both the signal generation strategy and the ergodic secrecy rate analysis under discrete-input continuous-output memoryless (DCMC) channel have been elaborated to depict the security mechanism of the proposed scheme. The maximum likelihood (ML) detector and the separate detection (SD) algorithm are formulated to correctly recover the received signal of our system. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve a much higher secrecy capacity than artificial noise schemes without requiring additional jamming power consumption.
Physical layer security (PLS) has grown in popularity as it guarantees secure and reliable communication between wireless devices without restricting the ability of data analysts to eavesdrop. PLS benefits from the randomization property of the wireless channel, which improves immunity and protects against many dangers of information breaches from eavesdroppers. MIMO and Massive MIMO, which use numerous antennas at the transmitter and receiver ends, are fundamental technologies for improving efficiency in 5G and future network systems. The PLS still requires a significant amount of work before it can be employed in practical systems. The interception of eavesdroppers can be made difficult by adding artificial noise. This paper focuses on the physical layer security considering maximal ratio combining, and artificial noise with beamforming techniques to further enhance the secrecy rate. The proposed work demonstrates that the use of transmitter beamforming with artificial noise can significantly improve the degree of confidentiality of information being transmitted between a transmitter and an intended receiver while making it more difficult for eavesdroppers to intercept. The simulation results in terms of bit error rate show that the proposed method has a significant impact on the error rate performance of the eavesdropper.