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arXiv:2302.04548 · Physical Review Applied

Bidirectional state transfer between superconducting and microwave-photon qubits by single reflection

Kazuki Koshino, K. Inomata

Published May 23, 2024• 2 citations
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Abstract

The number of superconducting qubits contained in a single quantum processor is increasing steadily. However, to realize a truly useful quantum computer, it is inevitable to increase the number of qubits much further by distributing quantum information among distant processors using flying qubits. A key element towards this goal is a deterministic quantum interaction between superconducting-atom and propagating microwave-photon qubits. Here, we confirm the bidirectional state transfer between them, which completes by simply reflecting the photon at the atom. The averaged fidelity of the photon-to-atom (atom-to-photon) state transfer reaches 0.826 (0.801), limited mainly by the lifetime of the atom qubit. The present technology would be useful for future distributed quantum computation with superconducting qubits. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

DOI
10.1103/physrevapplied.21.054049

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We show that optically active coupled quantum dots embedded in a superconducting microwave cavity can be used to realize a fast quantum interface between photonic and transmon qubits. Single-photon absorption by a coupled quantum dot results in generation of a large electric dipole, which in turn ensures efficient coupling to the microwave cavity. Using cavity parameters achieved in prior experiments, we estimate that bidirectional microwave-optics conversion in nanosecond time scales with efficiencies approaching unity is experimentally feasible with current technology. We also outline a protocol for in-principle deterministic quantum state transfer from a time-bin photonic qubit to a transmon qubit. Recent advances in quantum-dot-based quantum photonics technologies indicate that the scheme we propose could play a central role in connecting quantum nodes incorporating cavity-coupled superconducting qubits.
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Single-photon detection is an essential component in many experiments in quantum optics, but it remains challenging in the microwave domain. We realize a quantum nondemolition detector for propagating microwave photons and characterize its performance using a single-photon source. To this aim, we implement a cavity-assisted conditional phase gate between the incoming photon and a superconducting artificial atom. By reading out the state of this atom in a single shot, we reach an external (internal) photon-detection fidelity of 50% (71%), limited by transmission efficiency between the source and the detector (75%) and the coherence properties of the qubit. By characterizing the coherence and average number of photons in the field reflected off the detector, we demonstrate its quantum nondemolition nature. We envisage applications in generating heralded remote entanglement between qubits and for realizing logic gates between propagating microwave photons.