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arXiv:2212.12021 · Armenian Journal of Physics

The Dynamics of a Modified Jaynes-Cummings Model

Moorad Alexanian

Published Dec 22, 2022• 1 citation
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Abstract

We introduce a dynamical system that instead of exchanging a single photon as in the atomic system of the usual Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM), it exchanges instead a squeezed coherent photon. Accordingly, the creation and annihilation photon operators in the JCM are replaced by the creation and annihilation operators of squeezed coherent states, respectively. This transformation generates a photon Hamiltonian that modifies the JCM that includes terms usually omitted in the JCM when making the rotating-wave approximation and, in addition, the transformation introduces atom exchange terms absent in the JCM.

DOI
10.54503/18291171-2022.15.4-141

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We introduce a dynamical system that instead of exchanging a single photon as in the atomic system of the usual Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM), it exchanges instead a squeezed coherent photon. Accordingly, the creation and annihilation photon operators in the JCM are replaced by the creation and annihilation operators of squeezed coherent states, respectively. This transformation generates a photon Hamiltonian that modifies the JCM that includes terms usually omitted in the JCM when making the rotating-wave approximation and, in addition, the transformation introduces atom exchange terms absent in the JCM.
We introduce a modified Jaynes-Cummings model with single-photon cavity radiation field but with the atomic system instead of exchanging a single photon as in the Jaynes-Cummings model, it exchanges instead a squeezed photon with squeezing parameter r. This allows us to interpolate between the Rabi model (r = ∞) and the Jaynes-Cummings model (r = 0) by varying r. The model exhibits a quantum phase transition. Accordingly, the quantum phase transition realized in the Rabi model, giving rise to superradiance, also occurs in the Jaynes-Cummings model.
The Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM) is studied in the absence of the rotating-wave approximation (RWA) by a coherent-state expansion technique. In comparison with the previous paper in which the coherent-state expansion was performed only to the third order, we carry out in this paper a complete expansion to demonstrate exactly the dynamics of the JCM without the RWA. Our study gives a systematic method to solve the non-RWA problem, which would be useful in various physical systems, e.g., in a system with an ultracold trapped ion experiencing the running waves of lasers.
We introduce a modified Jaynes-Cummings model with single-photon cavity radiation field but with the atomic system instead of exchanging a single photon as in the Jaynes-Cummings model, it exchanges instead a squeezed photon. After a unitary transformation and requiring the decoupling of the spin up from the spin down, we diagonalize the resulting Hamiltonian via a Bogoliubov transformation. This allows to determine the energy eigenvalues for the quantum Rabi model. We obtain the energy eigenvalues albeit for the asymmetric Rabi model in the limit of large coupling strength, where it approaches the symmetric Rabi model energy eigenvalues.
The driven two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM) exhibits a collapse and revival phenomenon in its mean photon number on a time scale much larger than the periodic revival time for two-state inversion in the usual two-photon JCM. The time scale of revivals for these oscillations is much larger than the corresponding time scale for the driven one-photon JCM and can be explained with the Hamiltonian of type ${H}_{\ensuremath{\eta}}=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}\sqrt{{(J}_{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ifmmode\dagger\else\textdagger\fi{}}+\ensuremath{\alpha}{P}_{\ensuremath{\eta}}{)}^{2}{(J}_{\ensuremath{\eta}}+\ensuremath{\alpha}{P}_{\ensuremath{\eta}}{)}^{2}}$ constructed explicitly for this purpose. The effect of Stark shifts is also studied and it is observed that the dynamics is strongly influenced by such Stark shifts both at early stages as well as at late stages of the evolution but in different ways, and thus Stark shifts play a significant role in determining the dynamical evolution of the system.
In this paper, we investigate various dynamical properties of the Jaynes–Cummings (JC) model beyond the rotating wave approximation (RWA). We first show that in the absence of the RWA, the JC Hamiltonian can be transformed into an intensity-dependent Hamiltonian. Corrections produced by the counter-rotating terms (CRTs) appear in the first order as the intensity-dependent detuning, i.e. the dynamical Stark shift and in the second order as the intensity-dependent atom–field coupling. Then, by determining the atom–field wavefunction evolution, we study the effects of CRTs on various dynamical properties of the JC model, including the atomic population inversion, atomic dipole squeezing, atomic entropy squeezing, photon counting statistics, quadrature field squeezing, field entropy squeezing and quantum phase properties of the cavity field.