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arXiv:2211.07097 · IFAC-PapersOnLine

Coherent Quantum LQG Controllers with Luenberger Dynamics

Igor G. Vladimirov, Ian R. Petersen

Published Jan 1, 2023• 2 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the coherent quantum linear-quadratic-Gaussian control problem of minimising an infinite-horizon mean square cost for a measurement-free field-mediated interconnection of a quantum plant with a stabilising quantum controller. The plant and the controller are multimode open quantum harmonic oscillators, governed by linear quantum stochastic differential equations and coupled to each other and the external multichannel bosonic fields in the vacuum state. We discuss an interplay between the quantum physical realizability conditions and the Luenberger structure associated with the classical separation principle. This leads to a quadratic constraint on the controller gain matrices, which is formulated in the framework of a swapping transformation for the conjugate positions and momenta in the canonical representation of the controller variables. For the class of coherent quantum controllers with the Luenberger dynamics, we obtain first-order necessary conditions of optimality in the form of algebraic equations, involving a matrix-valued Lagrange multiplier.

DOI
10.1016/j.ifacol.2023.10.109

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This paper is concerned with the Coherent Quantum Linear Quadratic Gaussian (CQLQG) control problem of finding a stabilizing measurement-free quantum controller for a quantum plant so as to minimize an infinite-horizon mean square performance index for the fully quantum closed-loop system. In comparison with the observation-actuation structure of classical controllers, the coherent quantum feedback is less invasive to the quantum dynamics and quantum information. Both the plant and the controller are open quantum systems whose dynamic variables satisfy the canonical commutation relations (CCRs) of a quantum harmonic oscillator and are governed by linear quantum stochastic differential equations (QSDEs). In order to correspond to such oscillators, these QSDEs must satisfy physical realizability (PR) conditions, which are organised as quadratic constraints on the controller matrices and reflect the preservation of CCRs in time. The CQLQG problem is a constrained optimization problem for the steady-state quantum covariance matrix of the plant-controller system satisfying an algebraic Lyapunov equation. We propose a gradient descent algorithm equipped with adaptive stepsize selection for the numerical solution of the problem. The algorithm finds a local minimum of the LQG cost over the parameters of the Hamiltonian and coupling operators of a stabilizing PR quantum controller, thus taking the PR constraints into account. A convergence analysis of the proposed algorithm is presented.
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This paper is concerned with coherent quantum control design for translation invariant networks of identical quantum stochastic systems subjected to external quantum noise. The network is modelled as an open quantum harmonic oscillator and is governed by a set of linear quantum stochastic differential equations. The dynamic variables of this quantum plant satisfy the canonical commutation relations. Similar large-scale systems can be found, for example, in quantum metamaterials and optical lattices. The problem under consideration is to design a stabilizing decentralized coherent quantum controller in the form of another translation invariant quantum system, directly coupled to the plant, so as to minimize a weighted mean square functional of the dynamic variables of the interconnected networks. We consider this problem in the thermodynamic limit of infinite network size and present first-order necessary conditions for optimality of the controller.