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arXiv:2208.01640

Twisted Anyon Cavity Resonators with Bulk Modes of Chiral Symmetry and Sensitivity to Ultra-Light Axion Dark Matter

J. F. Bourhill, E. C. I. Paterson, M. Goryachev, M. E. Tobar

hep-phastro-ph.IMphysics.ins-detquant-phSubmitted Aug 1, 2022• Announced Aug 3, 2022• Revised Aug 6, 2022 (v2)
v1 · Aug 1, 2022v2 · Aug 6, 2022v3 · Aug 9, 2023v4 · Oct 13, 2026v5 · Oct 30, 2026
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Abstract

In this work, we invent the Anyon Cavity Resonator. The resonator is based on twisted hollow structures, which allow select resonant modes to exhibit non-zero helicity. Depending on the cross-section of the cavity, the modes have more general symmetry than what has been studied before. For example, with no twist, the mode is the form of a boson, while with a $180^{o}$ twist the symmetry is in the form of a fermion. We show that the generally twisted resonator is in the form of an anyon. The non-zero helicity couples the mode to axions, and we show in the upconversion limit the mode couples to ultra-light axions within the bandwidth of the resonator. The coupling adds amplitude modulated sidebands and allows a simple sensitive way to search for ultra-light axions using only a single mode within the resonator's bandwidth.

Journal reference
Phys. Rev. D 108, 052014, 2023
DOI
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.052014
Comments
Correct typo in SNR equation

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Effective Sub-Quantum Readout for Non-Monochromatic Axion Signals in High-QQQ Haloscopes
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Microwave cavities in strong magnetic fields are among the most sensitive detectors for axion dark matter detection. Its sensitivity, however, is fundamentally limited by the second order nature of axion photon energy conversion, which yields an extremely weak signal. Here we propose a feasible approach to break this limitation, by pre-exciting the target cavity mode to generate a first order power response signal in situ. The resulting signal amplitude scales linearly with the axion-photon coupling parameter, which is in sharp contrast to the quadratic scaling of conventional schemes, and is detectable via standard quadrature balanced homodyne detection system, even though its phase remains stochastic. Numerical simulations demonstrate that this pre-excited seed field can effectively suppress thermal noise, and thus the detection sensitivity of the system can approach the lower quantum noise limit. Consequently, the sensitivities predicted by the KSVZ and DFSZ models could be surpassed. This proposal might offer a pathway to a major leap in axion dark matter searches, as it is within reach of current technology.
We reveal that a chiral cavity distinguishes the resonant and antiresonant interactions between a two-dimensional electron gas and the cavity vacuum. For co-rotating helicities, the modes anticross, exhibiting vacuum Rabi splitting, and retain a bare vacuum ground state. For counter-rotating helicities, the modes cross, acquiring vacuum-mediated energy shifts and a two-mode squeezed ground state. We trace the origin of these observations to the SU(2) and SU(1,1) symmetries of the respective Hamiltonians and present their spectroscopic signatures in chiral photonic crystal cavities. We further predict that cavity chirality produces a handedness-dependent correction to Hall resistivity at finite polariton broadening, while such a correction is not present in an achiral cavity. For the longitudinal resistivity, we find an asymmetric response of the Shubnikov--de Haas oscillations for the different helicities. Finally, we present an experimentally accessible route for detecting the squeezed ground state through current fluctuations. Parameters based on a recently demonstrated terahertz chiral cavity place these effects within experimental reach.
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