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arXiv:2207.12751

Hybrid Quantum Nanophotonics: Interfacing Color Center in Nanodiamonds with Si3N4-Photonics

Alexander Kubanek, Anna P. Ovvyan, Lukas Antoniuk, Niklas Lettner, Wolfram H. P. Pernice

Published Jul 26, 2022• 0 citations
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Abstract

This chapter covers recent developments in the field of hybrid quantum photonics based on color centers in nanodiamonds and Si3N4-photonics towards a technology platform with applications in quantum information processing and quantum information distribution. The methodological approach can be divided in three main tasks. First, the fabrication and optimization of Si3N4-photonics. Second, the creation, characterization and control of color centers in nanodiamonds. Third, the assembly of hybrid quantum photonics by integrating the nanodiamonds into the photonic structures. One focus will be the efficient interfacing of the color centers done by optimizing the optical coupling. The chapter describes recent progress in all three steps and summarizes the established hybrid platform. We believe, that the hybrid approach provides a promising path to realize quantum photonic applications, such as quantum networks or quantum repeaters, in the near future.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2207.12751

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Optically active color centers in nanodiamonds offer unique opportunities for generating and manipulating quantum states of light. These mechanically, chemically, and optically robust emitters can be produced in mass quantities, deterministically manipulated, and integrated with a variety of quantum device geometries and photonic material platforms. Nanodiamonds with deeply sub-wavelength sizes coupled to nanophotonic structures feature a giant enhancement of light-matter interaction, promising high bitrates in quantum photonic systems. We review the recent advances in controlled techniques for synthesizing, selecting, and manipulating nanodiamond-based color centers for their integration with quantum nanophotonic devices.
Optically active color centers in nanodiamonds offer unique opportunities for generating and manipulating quantum states of light. These mechanically, chemically, and optically robust emitters can be produced in mass quantities, deterministically manipulated, and integrated with a variety of quantum device geometries and photonic material platforms. Nanodiamonds with deeply sub-wavelength sizes coupled to nanophotonic structures feature a giant enhancement of light-matter interaction, promising high bitrates in quantum photonic systems. We review the recent advances in controlled techniques for synthesizing, selecting, and manipulating nanodiamond-based color centers for their integration with quantum nanophotonic devices.
We propose to couple single photons, generated by a germanium vacancy (GeV) / Silicon Vacancy (SiV) center located within one nanodiamond-ND, to other GeV centers in other nanodiamonds. We will then have a hybrid quantum photonic platform made of color centers that act as stationary matter qubits and single photons that act as flying qubits, connecting nodes together. Our initial attempt will be focused on establishing a two-node network and then look towards scaling up to a multiple node quantum network. To this extent, we shall study the spectral as well as correlation properties of group IV color centers embedded in nanodiamonds to choose suitable candidates for the proposed two node quantum network. We will elaborate on the process as well as applications of the proposed device in the context of quantum communication and networks. We will also look into the study the interaction of a magnetic ion with color centers in bulk diamond.
Color centers in nanodiamonds are promising candidates to realize high-bandwidth quantum optical devices integrated on mature photonic platforms. However, both the optical properties of these emitters and the geometries of host nanoparticles are highly heterogenous. The interfacing of nanodiamond-based color centers with the on-chip photonic circuitry requires their careful pre-selection and deterministic manipulation with nanoscale precision. We present a suite of recently developed techniques for rapid emitter selection and nanofabrication aimed at realizing deterministically assembled plasmon-enhanced single-photon sources. These techniques include optical nanoparticle metrology, machine learning for quantum optical measurements, probe-assisted nanoantenna assembly and the control of plasmonic cavity volume through photomodification.
Abstract The progress in integration of nanodiamond with photonic devices is analyzed in the light of quantum optical applications. Nanodiamonds host a variety of optically active defects, called color centers, which provide rich ground for photonic engineering. Theoretical introduction describing light and matter interaction between optical modes and a quantum emitter is presented, including the role of the Debye–Waller factor typical of color center emission. The synthesis of diamond nanoparticles is discussed in an overview of methods leading to experimentally realized hybrid platforms of nanodiamond with gallium phosphide, silicon dioxide, and silicon carbide. The trade‐offs in the substrate index of refraction values are reviewed in the context of the achieved strength of light and matter interaction. Thereby, the recent results on the growth of color center‐rich nanodiamond on prefabricated silicon carbide microdisk resonators are presented. These hybrid devices achieve up to fivefold enhancement of the diamond color‐center light emission and can be employed in integrated quantum photonics.