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arXiv:2207.10322

Husimi, Wigner, T{ö}plitz, quantum statistics and anticanonical transformations

Thierry Paul

Published Jul 21, 2022• 0 citations
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Abstract

We study the behaviour of Husimi, Wigner and T{ö}plitz symbols of quantum density matrices when quantum statistics are tested on them, that is when on exchange two coordinates in one of the two variables of their integral kernel. We show that to each of these actions is associated a canonical transform on the cotangent bundle of the underlying classical phase space. Equivalently can one associate a complex canonical transform on the complexification of the phase-space. In the off-diagonal T{ö}plitz representation introduced in [P], the action considered is associated to a complex aanticanonical relation.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2207.10322

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We study the behaviour of Husimi, Wigner and T{ö}plitz symbols of quantum density matrices when quantum statistics are tested on them, that is when on exchange two coordinates in one of the two variables of their integral kernel. We show that to each of these actions is associated a canonical transform on the cotangent bundle of the underlying classical phase space. Equivalently can one associate a complex canonical transform on the complexification of the phase-space. In the off-diagonal T{ö}plitz representation introduced in [P], the action considered is associated to a complex aanticanonical relation.
In a previous paper, with a similar title, the authors showed that for bijective (i.e. one-to-one onto) canonical transformations they can obtain their quantum mechanical representations in the form of a kernel in the phase space of Wigner distribution functions and recover the classical expectation for this kernel in the limit to 0. For non-bijective canonical transformations the situation is more complex as the phase space acquires either a Riemann surface structure or requires the introduction of the concept of an ambiguity group. By discussing the non-bijective canonical transformation taking them from an oscillator of frequency kappa -1 , where kappa is an integer, to one of unit frequency, they see how the kernel is generalised to include the indices associated with the irreducible representations of the ambiguity group, i.e. the ambiguity spins. They obtain the kernel explicitly and show that in the limit to 0 they recover the form that they expect in the Riemann surface picture of their phase space. While they illustrate their analysis through the representation in Wigner distribution phase space of a specific non-bijective canonical transformation, the procedure is clearly extendable to the representations of general canonical transformations of this type.
Abstract This paper considers a Husimi representation of quantum mechanics in which the (stationary) state of a system or ensemble is described by a Husimi function and an observable is described by a phase space function or distribution such that the expectation value of the observable is given by an integral over phase space of the product of that function or distribution and the Husimi function. The density matrix, Wigner function, and Husimi function are considered to be alternative ways of describing the state of a system or ensemble, and methods of recovering the Wigner function or density matrix from the Husimi function are discussed. The classical limits of the Wigner and Husimi functions and of the relationship between them are considered. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The first part is a systematical representation of the Wigner quasiprobability in representations by canonical variables and pairs of complex conjugate variables with particular attention to the reconstruction of the density operator from the Wigner quasiprobability to show their equivalence. All formulae are derived from basic postulates of quantum mechanics. Problems of operator orderings are touched. The second part considers the integration over the amplitude in the Wigner quasiprobability and its specialization for coherent states and for even and odd coherent states and provides phase distributions which are presented in graphics that are new in their kind. It is demonstrated that the Heitler number phase uncertainty relation is incorrect. The problem of the transition from quantum to classical distribution functions by ℏ→0 is discussed with the conjecture that the inertial point of the distributions plays a basic role.