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arXiv:2206.10181 · Physical Review A

Cavity Heisenberg-spin-chain quantum battery

Fu-Quan Dou, Hang Zhou, Jianan Sun

Published Sep 14, 2022• 102 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We propose a cavity Heisenberg-spin-chain (CHS) quantum battery (QB) with the long-range interactions and investigate its charging process. The performance of the CHS QB is substantially improved compared to the Heisenberg spin chain (HS) QB. When the number of spins $N\ensuremath{\gg}1$, the quantum advantage $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ of the QB's maximum charging power can be obtained, which approximately satisfies the superlinear scaling relation ${P}_{\mathrm{max}}\ensuremath{\propto}{N}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$. The CHS QB can approach $\ensuremath{\alpha}=2$ by optimizing the parameters. We find that the maximum stored energy of the CHS QB has a critical phenomenon. By analyzing the Wigner function, von Neumann entropy, and logarithmic negativity, we demonstrate that entanglement can be a necessary ingredient for QB to store more energy, but not sufficient.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.106.032212

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We propose a cavity Heisenberg-spin-chain (CHS) quantum battery (QB) with the long-range interactions and investigate its charging process. The performance of the CHS QB is substantially improved compared to the Heisenberg spin chain (HS) QB. When the number of spins N\ensuremath≫1N\ensuremath{\gg}1N\ensuremath≫1, the quantum advantage \ensuremathα\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremathα of the QB's maximum charging power can be obtained, which approximately satisfies the superlinear scaling relation Pmax\ensuremath∝N\ensuremathα{P}_{\mathrm{max}}\ensuremath{\propto}{N}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}Pmax​\ensuremath∝N\ensuremathα. The CHS QB can approach \ensuremathα=2\ensuremath{\alpha}=2\ensuremathα=2 by optimizing the parameters. We find that the maximum stored energy of the CHS QB has a critical phenomenon. By analyzing the Wigner function, von Neumann entropy, and logarithmic negativity, we demonstrate that entanglement can be a necessary ingredient for QB to store more energy, but not sufficient.
Abstract In the realm of quantum batteries (QBs), model construction and performance optimization are central tasks which can be addressed by exploiting machine learning algorithms. Here, we propose a cavity-Heisenberg spin chain QB model with spin- j ( j = 1 / 2 , 1 , 3 / 2 ) and investigate the charging performance under both closed and open quantum cases, considering spin–spin interactions, ambient temperature, and cavity dissipation. By employing a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm to modulate the cavity-battery coupling, we further optimize the QB performance, enhancing the charging capability of the spin chain. It is shown that the charging energy and the power of the QB are significantly improved with the spin size. In particular, the use of a RL algorithm in case of large spin ( j = 3 / 2 ) in presence of cavity losses allows for more stability in the optimization of the cavity-spin coupling strength, which in perspective makes an experimental realization more feasible. We analyze the optimization mechanism and find an intrinsic relationship between cavity-spin entanglement and charging performance: while in the closed-system scenario the charging energy increases together with the cavity-spin entanglement, in the open-system scenario the increase of the charging energy can be accompanied by a decrease of entanglement. Our results provide a possible scheme for design and optimization of QBs.
Quantum battery works as a micro- or nanodevice to store and redistribute energy at the quantum level. Here we propose a spin-charger protocol, in which the battery cells are charged by a finite number of spins through a general Heisenberg XY interaction. Under the isotropic interaction, the spin-charger protocol is endowed with a higher capacity in terms of the maximum stored energy than the conventional protocols, where the battery is charged by a continuous-variable system, e.g., a cavity mode. By tuning the charger size, a tradeoff between the maximum stored energy and the average charging power is found in comparison to the cavity-charger protocol in the Tavis-Cummings model. Quantum advantage of our protocol is manifested by the scaling behavior of the optimal average power with respect to the battery size, in comparing the collective charging scheme to its parallel counterpart. We also discuss the detrimental effect on the charging performance from the anisotropic interaction between the battery and the charger, the nonideal initial states for both of them, and the crosstalk among the charger spins. A strong charger-charger interaction can be used to decouple the battery and the charger. Our findings about the advantages of the spin-charger protocol over the conventional cavity-charger protocols, including the high capacity of energy storage and the superior power law in the collective charging, provide an insight to exploit an efficient quantum battery based on the spin-spin-environment model.
The advent of quantum batteries (QBs) has coincided with the accelerated progress in quantum science and technology. Here, we propose a novel double-cavity QB design, wherein the maximum charging power can be enhanced to N2.5{N}^{2.5}N2.5 times or even higher, up to N3{N}^{3}N3 times, through the manipulation of atomic distribution, which surpasses the upper limit of N2{N}^{2}N2 reported in previous study. The advantage of this manipulation is pronounced with an increasing number of atoms in the QB. A significant atom number discrepancy between the two cavities results in the simultaneous optimization of charging power and battery capacity, thereby enhancing charging efficiency without compromising energy storage capacity. Additionally, by modulating the number of atoms within each cavity, the QB is theoretically capable of transitioning between ``fast charging'' and ``slow charging'' modes. Notably, in an open system environment, the superiority of the QB is even more pronounced, with negligible energy loss at the final steady state relative to the maximum energy storage of an isolated system.
Abstract We investigate the charging performance of an anisotropic XYZ model of Heisenberg Spin Chain Quantum Battery (HS QB) along with different components of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction (DMI) for three cases - short range, long range and infinite range interactions. We find that the presence of DMI enhances the charging power and total stored energy of the QB considered here, when compared to HS QB in most of the cases, by considering both local and collective charging protocols. The maximum stored energy increases linearly with the number of spins (N). An extensive scaling of maximum charging power with the number of spins is obtained in which the maximum power approaches a scaling exponent α = 1.846 for collective charging of the model consisting of Heisenberg spin chain with Y component of DMI under infinite range interactions. Finally, we optimize the performance of the battery by measuring the quantum energy fluctuations with in the system.
A quantum battery (QB) is an energy storage and extraction device that is governed by the principles of quantum mechanics. Here we propose a three-level Dicke QB and investigate its charging process by considering three quantum optical states: a Fock state, a coherent state, and a squeezed state. The performance of the QB in a coherent state is significantly superior to that in a Fock or squeezed state. We show that the locked energy is positively related to the entanglement between the charger and the battery, and diminishing the entanglement increases the ergotropy. The role of quantum phase transitions in the charging process of the QB system is analyzed and we find that the behavior of maximum stored energy is jointly determined by ground and excited-state quantum phase transitions. We further demonstrate that, no matter what the initial state is, the stored energy can be completely extracted when NNN is small (N=10N=10N=10), far below the thermodynamic limit, and the charging power follows a behavior consistent with that of the stored energy.
Although entanglement is considered as a crucial resource for quantum information processing, it is still unknown whether the presence of quantum entanglement in the working medium can enhance the charging performance of a quantum battery (QB). Here, we address this problem by considering a QB with working medium consisted of an entangled coupled-cavity array. We show that the optimal charging performance of the QB is achieved in the two-cavity case when cavities are initially in a maximum entangled state without cavity couplings. We then extend our discussion to multicavity case. It is demonstrated that the charging power of the QB under an entangled coupled-cavity array can be further enhanced by increasing the number of cavities. Our findings reveal the advantage of an entangled working medium in enhancing the charging performance of a QB, and therefore, contribute to the experimental realization of quantum batteries with excellent performance.