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arXiv:2112.10128 · Quantum Information Processing

Performance analysis of continuous-variable quantum key distribution using non-Gaussian states

Leisa Lopes Aguiar, L. F. M. Borelli, José Antonio Roversi, A. Vidiella-Barranco

Published Aug 20, 2022• 8 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1007/s11128-022-03645-z

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It has been found that non-Gaussian operations can be applied to increase and distill entanglement between Gaussian entangled states. We propose here a method to improve the performance of entanglement-based (EB) continuous-variable quantum-key-distribution protocol by using the non-Gaussian operation, in particular, the subtraction operation, which can be implemented under current technology easily. Security analysis shows that the subtraction operation can well increase the secure distance and tolerable excess noise of the EB scheme and also the corresponding prepare-and-measure scheme.
Non-Gaussian modulation can improve the performance of continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV QKD). For Gaussian-modulated coherent-state CV QKD, photon subtraction can realize non-Gaussian modulation, which can be equivalently implemented by non-Gaussian postselection. However, non-Gaussian reconciliation has not been deeply researched, which is one of the key technologies in CV QKD. In this paper, we propose a non-Gaussian reconciliation method to obtain identical keys from non-Gaussian data. Multidimensional reconciliation and multiedge-type low-density parity-check codes (MET LDPC) are used in a non-Gaussian reconciliation scheme, where the layered belief propagation decoding algorithm of MET LDPC codes is used to reduce the decoding complexity. Furthermore, we compare the error-correction performance of Gaussian data and non-Gaussian data. The results show that the error-correction performance of non-Gaussian data is better than Gaussian data, where the frame error rate can be reduced by 50 % for code rate 0.1 at SNR of 0.1554 and the average iteration number can be reduced by 25 %.
It is shown that the non-Gaussian operations can not only be used to prepare the nonclassical states, but also to improve the entanglement degree between Gaussian states. Thus these operations are naturally considered to enhance the performance of continuous variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD), in which the non-Gaussian operations are usually placed on the right-side of the entangled source. Here we propose another scheme for further improving the performance of CVQKD with the entangled-based scheme by operating photon-addition operation on the left-side of the entangled source. It is found that the photon-addition operation on the left-side presents both higher success probability and better secure key rate and transmission distance than the photon subtraction on the right-side, although they share the same maximal tolerable noise. In addition, compared to both photon subtraction and photon addition on the right-side, our scheme shows the best performance and the photon addition on the right-side is the worst.