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arXiv:2112.09031

Renyi entropy for spherical monodromy of free scalar fields in even dimensions

J. S. Dowker

Published Dec 16, 2021• 1 citation
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Abstract

The effect of a co--dimension--2 spherical monodromy defect on the free--field theory of a conformal scalar is investigated. The conformal anomaly is computed (in two ways) and thence the Rényi and entanglement entropies. The $C_T$ central charge is found to be negative for a range of monodromy flux.The calculations are pursued for any even dimensional sphere. A Possible conflict with existing results is raised.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2112.09031

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The effect of a co--dimension--2 spherical monodromy defect on the free--field theory of a conformal scalar is investigated. The conformal anomaly is computed (in two ways) and thence the Rényi and entanglement entropies. The CTC_TCT​ central charge is found to be negative for a range of monodromy flux.The calculations are pursued for any even dimensional sphere. A Possible conflict with existing results is raised.
Entanglement entropy and CTC_TCT​ for monodromy defects of fields on odd-dimensional spheres
The effect of a spherical monodromy defect on the entanglement entropy and central charge CTC_TCT​ of a free conformal scalar field propagating on an odd-dimensional sphere is investigated. As on even spheres the central charge becomes negative for a range of the flux parameter, δδδ, with possible implications for reflection positivity. The work is mostly numerical but closed forms are found for the Z2Z_2Z2​ monodromy (δ=1/2δ=1/2δ=1/2) yielding an explicit d→∞d\to\inftyd→∞ limit, CT→−6/πC_T\to -6/πCT​→−6/π
Explicit polynomial forms for Rényi and entanglement entropies are given on even --dimensional spheres which possess a codimension--2 U(1) monodromy defect. Free scalar and Dirac fields are treated and higher-derivative propagation operators employed. The central charge, CTC_TCT​, is also calculated. Comparison with existing results is made and it is shown how these can be obtained from the values here.
Abstract We study co-dimension two monodromy defects in theories of conformally coupled scalars and free Dirac fermions in arbitrary d dimensions. We characterise this family of conformal defects by computing the one-point functions of the stress-tensor and conserved current for Abelian flavour symmetries as well as two-point functions of the displacement operator. In the case of d = 4, the normalisation of these correlation functions are related to defect Weyl anomaly coefficients, and thus provide crucial information about the defect conformal field theory. We provide explicit checks on the values of the defect central charges by calculating the universal part of the defect contribution to entanglement entropy, and further, we use our results to extract the universal part of the vacuum Rényi entropy. Moreover, we leverage the non-supersymmetric free field results to compute a novel defect Weyl anomaly coefficient in a d = 4 theory of free N \mathcal{N} N N = 2 hypermultiplets. Including singular modes in the defect operator product expansion of fundamental fields, we identify notable relevant deformations in the singular defect theories and show that they trigger a renormalisation group flow towards an IR fixed point with the most regular defect OPE. We also study Gukov-Witten defects in free d = 4 Maxwell theory and show that their central charges vanish.
Abstract I first calculate the charged spherical Rényi entropy by a numerical method that does not require knowledge of any eigenvalue degeneracies, and applies to all odd dimensions. An image method is used to relate the full sphere values to those for an integer covering, n . It is shown to be equivalent to a ‘transformation’ property of the zeta-function. The n → ∞ limit is explicitly constructed analytically and a relation deduced between the limits of corner coefficients and the effective action (free energy) which generalises, for free fields, a result of Bueno, Myers and Witczak-Krempa and Elvang and Hadjiantonis to any dimension. Finally, the known polynomial expressions for the Rényi entropy on even spheres at zero chemical potential are re–derived in a different form and a simple formula for the conformal anomaly given purely in terms of central factorials is obtained.
We extend previous work on the perturbative expansion of the Rényi entropy, S q , around q = 1 for a spherical entangling surface in a general CFT. Applied to conformal scalar fields in various spacetime dimensions, the results appear to conflict with the known conformal scalar Rényi entropies. On the other hand, the perturbative results agree with known Rényi entropies in a variety of other theories, including theories of free fermions and vector fields and theories with Einstein gravity duals. We propose a resolution stemming from a careful consideration of boundary conditions near the entangling surface. This is equivalent to a proper treatment of total-derivative terms in the definition of the modular Hamiltonian. As a corollary, we are able to resolve an outstanding puzzle in the literature regarding the Rényi entropy of N=4 \mathcal{N}=4 N=4 super-Yang-Mills near q = 1. A related puzzle regards the question of stationarity of the renormalized entanglement entropy (REE) across a circle for a (2+1)-dimensional massive scalar field. We point out that the boundary contributions to the modular Hamiltonian shed light on the previously-observed non-stationarity. Moreover, IR divergences appear in perturbation theory about the massless fixed point that inhibit our ability to reliably calculate the REE at small non-zero mass.
We describe a holographic approach to explicitly computing the universal logarithmic contributions to entanglement and Rényi entropies for free conformal scalar and spinor fields on even-dimensional spheres. This holographic derivation proceeds in two steps: first, following Casini and Huerta, a conformal mapping to thermal entropy in a hyperbolic geometry; then identification of the hyperbolic geometry with the conformal boundary of a bulk hyperbolic space and use of an AdS/CFT holographic formula to compute the resultant functional determinant. We explicitly verify the connection with the type-A trace anomaly for the entanglement entropy, whereas the Rényi entropy is computed with the aid of the Sommerfeld formula in order to deal with a conical defect. We show that as a by-product, the log coefficient of the Rényi entropy for round spheres can be efficiently obtained as the q-analog of a procedure similar to the one found by Cappelli and D’Appollonio that rendered the type-A trace anomaly.