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arXiv:2107.03981 · Physical review. E

Phase transition dynamics in the three-dimensional ± J Ising model

Ozan S. Sarıyer

Published Sep 22, 2021• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

By using frustration-preserving hard-spin mean-field theory, we investigated the phase-transition dynamics in the three-dimensional field-free ± J Ising spin-glass model. As the temperature T is decreased from paramagnetic phase at high temperatures, with a rate ω=-dT/dt in time t, the critical temperature depends on the cooling rate through a clear power law ω^{a}. With increasing antiferromagnetic bond fraction p, the exponent a increases for the transition into the ferromagnetic case for p<p_{c} and decreases for the transition into the spin-glass phase for p>p_{c}, signaling the ferromagnetic - spin-glass phase transition at p_{c}≈0.22. The relaxation time is also investigated in the adiabatic case ω=0 and the dynamic exponent zν is found to increase with increasing p.

DOI
10.1103/physreve.104.034128

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By using frustration-preserving hard-spin mean-field theory, we investigated the phase-transition dynamics in the three-dimensional field-free ± J Ising spin-glass model. As the temperature T is decreased from paramagnetic phase at high temperatures, with a rate ω=-dT/dt in time t, the critical temperature depends on the cooling rate through a clear power law ω^{a}. With increasing antiferromagnetic bond fraction p, the exponent a increases for the transition into the ferromagnetic case for p<p_{c} and decreases for the transition into the spin-glass phase for p>p_{c}, signaling the ferromagnetic - spin-glass phase transition at p_{c}≈0.22. The relaxation time is also investigated in the adiabatic case ω=0 and the dynamic exponent zν is found to increase with increasing p.
The ±J Ising model in three dimensions is investigated using dynamical scaling analysis for a nonequilibrium relaxation process. The spin-glass (SG) transition is analyzed under an assumed dynamical exponent z proposed for the scaling analysis of the SG transition. To estimate dynamical exponent z precisely, we introduce an extrapolation scheme for the asymptotic value of the logarithmic derivative of the dynamical Binder parameter. We obtain the phase diagram in the temperature–concentration (p–T) space, as well as the p-dependence of critical exponents γ, ν, and z. For the static exponents of the SG transition, the universality is strongly indicated numerically along the whole region of the paramagnetic (PM)–SG phase boundary. A remarkable crossover behavior is observed for estimations of critical exponents at the boundary close to the multicritical point (MCP) of PM–ferromagnetic (FM)–SG phases. In addition, the dynamical assumption for z resulting from the slow relaxation in the SG region disappears in the FM region, and the crossover between them occurs around the Nishimori Line.
We investigate the ferromagnetic-glassy transitions that separate the low-temperature ferromagnetic and spin-glass phases in the temperature-disorder phase diagram of three-dimensional Ising spin-glass models. For this purpose, we consider the cubic-lattice $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}J$ (Edwards-Anderson) Ising model with bond distribution $P(J)=p\ensuremath{\delta}(J\ensuremath{-}1)+(1\ensuremath{-}p)\ensuremath{\delta}(J+1)$, and present a numerical Monte Carlo study of the critical behavior along the line that marks the onset of ferromagnetism. The finite-size scaling analysis of the Monte Carlo data shows that the ferromagnetic-glassy transition line is slightly reentrant. As a consequence, for an interval of the disorder parameter ppp, around $p\ensuremath{\approx}0.77$, the system presents a low-temperature glassy phase, an intermediate ferromagnetic phase, and a high-temperature paramagnetic phase. Along the ferromagnetic-glassy transition line, magnetic correlations show a universal critical behavior with critical exponents $\ensuremath{\nu}=0.96(2)$ and $\ensuremath{\eta}=\ensuremath{-}0.39(2)$. The hyperscaling relation $\ensuremath{\beta}/\ensuremath{\nu}=(1+\ensuremath{\eta})/2$ is satisfied at the transitions, so that $\ensuremath{\beta}/\ensuremath{\nu}=0.305(10)$. This magnetic critical behavior represents a new universality class for ferromagnetic transitions in Ising-type disordered systems. Overlap correlations are apparently not critical and show a smooth behavior across the transition.
We have performed a detailed analysis of the local dynamics and local energies of the equilibrium, paramagnetic phase of the d = 2 and d = 3 ±J Ising spin glass model. Here we discuss our recently reported observations1) that while the average flip rate and average energy decrease monotonically with decreasing temperature, both the flip rate and energy of an increasing fraction of spins increase as the glass transition is approached on cooling. These findings are consistent with recent experimental results for the frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility of an insulating spin glass, which showed that the approach to the glass transition could be detected from the high frequency behavior.
Dynamical scaling study for the estimation of dynamical exponent zzz of three-dimensional XY spin glass model
To analyze the ±J\pm J±J XY spin-glass in three dimensions, we verified a method aimed at obtaining a high-precision dynamical exponent zzz from the correlation length in the nonequilibrium relaxation process. The obtained zzz yielded consistent and highly accurate results in previous studies for relatively well-studied models---specifically, the three-dimensional (3D) ferromagnetic Ising model and the 3D ±J\pm J±J Ising model. Building on these previous studies, we used this method and the dynamical scaling method to analyze the 3D ±J\pm J±J XY model and obtained highly precise critical temperatures and exponents. The estimated transition temperatures satisfy $T_{\mathrm{SG}}
The four-dimensional $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}J$ random-bond Ising model is studied using ground-state calculations. System sizes up to N=64{N=6}^{4}N=64 spins are considered. Here it is found that the ferromagnetic--spin-glass transition occurs at a critical concentration pc=0.28(1){p}_{c}=0.28(1)pc​=0.28(1) of the antiferromagnetic bonds, which is comparable to values found previously by high-temperature series expansions. The transition is characterized by a correlation-length exponent $\ensuremath{\nu}=1.0(1)$ and an order-parameter exponent $\ensuremath{\beta}=0.4(1).$ Thus, this transition is in a different universality class from four-dimensional bond percolation, where $\ensuremath{\nu}=0.678(50)$ and $\ensuremath{\beta}=0.639(20).$