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arXiv:2107.02487 · Physical Review Research

Solitonic excitations in the Ising anisotropic chain BaCo2V2O8 under large transverse magnetic field

Quentin Faure, Shintaro Takayoshi, B. Grenier, S. Petit, S. Raymond, Martin Boehm, P. Léjay, Thierry Giamarchi, Virginie Simonet

Published Dec 29, 2021• 7 citations
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Abstract

We study the dynamics of the quasi-one-dimensional Ising-Heisenberg antiferromagnet ${\mathrm{BaCo}}_{2}{\mathrm{V}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8}$ under a transverse magnetic field. Combining inelastic neutron scattering experiments and theoretical analyses by field theories and numerical simulations, we mainly elucidate the structure of the spin excitation spectrum in the high-field phase, appearing above the quantum phase transition point ${\ensuremath{\mu}}_{0}{H}_{c}\ensuremath{\approx}10\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{T}$. We find that it is characterized by collective solitonic excitations superimposed on a continuum. These solitons are strongly bound in pairs due to the effective staggered field induced by the nondiagonal $g$ tensor of the compound and are topologically different from the fractionalized spinons in the weak-field region. The dynamical susceptibility numerically calculated with the infinite time-evolving block decimation method shows an excellent agreement with the measured spectra, which enables us to identify the dispersion branches with elementary excitations. The lowest-energy dispersion has an incommensurate nature and has a local minimum at an irrational wave number due to the applied transverse field.

DOI
10.1103/physrevresearch.3.043227

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We study the dynamics of the quasi-one-dimensional Ising-Heisenberg antiferromagnet BaCo2V2O8{\mathrm{BaCo}}_{2}{\mathrm{V}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8}BaCo2​V2​O8​ under a transverse magnetic field. Combining inelastic neutron scattering experiments and theoretical analyses by field theories and numerical simulations, we mainly elucidate the structure of the spin excitation spectrum in the high-field phase, appearing above the quantum phase transition point \ensuremathμ0Hc\ensuremath≈10T{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{0}{H}_{c}\ensuremath{\approx}10\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{T}\ensuremathμ0​Hc​\ensuremath≈10T. We find that it is characterized by collective solitonic excitations superimposed on a continuum. These solitons are strongly bound in pairs due to the effective staggered field induced by the nondiagonal ggg tensor of the compound and are topologically different from the fractionalized spinons in the weak-field region. The dynamical susceptibility numerically calculated with the infinite time-evolving block decimation method shows an excellent agreement with the measured spectra, which enables us to identify the dispersion branches with elementary excitations. The lowest-energy dispersion has an incommensurate nature and has a local minimum at an irrational wave number due to the applied transverse field.
By combining inelastic neutron scattering and numerical simulations, we study the quasi-one-dimensional Ising-like quantum antiferromagnet BaCo2V2O8{\mathrm{BaCo}}_{2}{\mathrm{V}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8}BaCo2​V2​O8​ in a longitudinal magnetic field applied along the Ising anisotropy, which is also the chain direction. The external field closes the excitation gap due to the magnetic anisotropy, inducing a transition from the N\'eel ordered state to an incommensurate longitudinal spin density wave phase. If the field is increased further, another transition into a transverse antiferromagnetic phase takes place at 9 T due to the competition between longitudinal and transverse correlations. We numerically and experimentally show that the model of XXZ chains connected by a weak interchain interaction well reproduces this transition. We also calculate the dynamical susceptibility and demonstrate that it agrees quantitatively with inelastic neutron scattering measurements. In contrast to the abrupt change of magnetic ordering, the spectra do not change much at the transition at 9 T, and the spin dynamics can be described as a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid. We also refine the modeling of BaCo2V2O8{\mathrm{BaCo}}_{2}{\mathrm{V}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8}BaCo2​V2​O8​ by including a four-site periodic term arising from the crystal structure which enables one to account for an anomaly of the magnetic susceptibility appearing at 19.5 T, as well as for the anticrossing observed in the inelastic neutron scattering spectra.
We study the excitation spectrum of the one-dimensional spin-12\frac{1}{2}21​ XXZ chain with antiferromagnetic Ising anisotropy across a magnetic quantum phase transition induced by the application of a site-dependent transverse magnetic field. Motivated by the chain antiferromagnet BaCo2V2O8{\mathrm{BaCo}}_{2}{\mathrm{V}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8}BaCo2​V2​O8​, we consider a situation where the transverse magnetic field has a strong uniform component and a weaker staggered part. To determine the nature of the excitations giving rise to the spin dynamical structure factor, we use a combination of analytical approaches and the numerically exact time-dependent matrix product state method. We identify below the quantum phase transition high-energy many-body two-magnon and three-magnon repulsively bound states which are clearly visible due to the staggered component of the magnetic field. At high magnetic fields and low temperature, single magnons dominate the dynamics. Our theory results are in very good agreement with terahertz spectroscopy experimental results.
Abstract We report on high-resolution terahertz spectroscopic studies of quantum spin dynamics in the quasi-one-dimensional Ising-like ferromagnet CoNb2O6 and antiferromagnet BaCo2V2O8 as a function of an applied transverse magnetic field. In the ordered phases stabilized by inter-chain couplings, we reveal characteristics for confined spinon excitations, E 8 dynamical spectrum, and field-induced quantum phase transitions. The connections between these characteristic dynamical features are found in the field-dependent evolution of the excitation spectra.
We report on spectroscopy study of elementary magnetic excitations in an Ising-like antiferromagnetic chain compound SrCo2V2O8{\mathrm{SrCo}}_{2}{\mathrm{V}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8}SrCo2​V2​O8​ as a function of temperature and applied transverse magnetic field up to 25 T. An optical as well as an acoustic branch of confined spinons, the elementary excitations at zero field, are identified in the antiferromagnetic phase below the N\'eel temperature of 5 K and described by a one-dimensional Schr\"odinger equation. The confinement can be suppressed by an applied transverse field and a quantum disordered phase is induced at 7 T. In this disordered paramagnetic phase, we observe three emergent fermionic excitations with different transverse-field dependencies. The nature of these modes is clarified by studying spin dynamic structure factor of a 1D transverse-field Heisenberg-Ising (XXZ)(XXZ)(XXZ) model using the method of infinite time evolving block decimation. Our work reveals emergent quantum phenomena and provides a concrete system for testifying theoretical predications of one-dimension quantum spin models.
The high-field multifrequency electron spin resonance (ESR), the magnetization, and the specific heat of single crystals of BaCo2V2O8 (a quasi-one-dimensional Ising-like antiferromagnet with S = 1/2) were measured in two different transverse magnetic fields: H || [100] and H || [110]. A softening of the lowest ESR mode was observed near the saturation field of the magnetization around 40 T in H || [110], whereas it occurs around 10 T in H || [100], far below the saturation field. These observations were reproduced by numerical calculations using the density-matrix renormalization group methods, including the staggered magnetic fields induced by a uniform external magnetic field and the interchain magnetic exchange interaction. We found that the directional dependence of the lowest mode originates mainly from the remarkable angular dependence of the induced magnetic field. The interchain interaction is also quantitatively important for reproducing the experimental results. The directional dependence of the lowest mode is demonstrated by the particle–hole excitation of spinons using the Jordan–Wigner transformation.
Combining inelastic neutron scattering and numerical simulations, we study the quasi-one-dimensional Ising anisotropic quantum antiferromagnet BaCo_{2}V_{2}O_{8} in a longitudinal magnetic field. This material shows a quantum phase transition from a Néel ordered phase at zero field to a longitudinal incommensurate spin density wave at a critical magnetic field of 3.8 T. Concomitantly, the excitation gap almost closes and a fundamental reconfiguration of the spin dynamics occurs. These experimental results are well described by the universal Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid theory developed for interacting spinless fermions in one dimension. We especially observe the rise of mainly longitudinal excitations, a hallmark of the unconventional low-field regime in Ising-like quantum antiferromagnetic chains.