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arXiv:2011.10945

On-demand quantum correlation control using coherent photons

Byoung Seung HAM

Published Dec 15, 2020• 4 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Abstract Over the last several decades, quantum entanglement has been intensively studied for potential applications in quantum information science. Although intensive studies have progressed for nonlocal correlation, fundamental understanding of entanglement itself is still limited. Here, the quantum feature of anticorrelation, the so-called HOM dip, based on probabilistic entangled photon pairs is analyzed for its fundamental physics and compared with a new method of on-demand entangled photon pair generations using coherent light. The fundamental physics why there is no correlation in HOM dip measurements is answered, and new coherence quantum physics is proposed for macroscopic quantum entanglement generations.

DOI
10.21203/rs.3.rs-125563/v1

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Abstract Over the last several decades, quantum entanglement has been intensively studied for potential applications in quantum information science. Although intensive studies have progressed for nonlocal correlation, fundamental understanding of entanglement itself is still limited. Here, the quantum feature of anticorrelation, the so-called HOM dip, based on probabilistic entangled photon pairs is analyzed for its fundamental physics and compared with a new method of on-demand entangled photon pair generations using coherent light. The fundamental physics why there is no correlation in HOM dip measurements is answered, and new coherence quantum physics is proposed for macroscopic quantum entanglement generations.
Abstract Over the last several decades, quantum entanglement has been intensively studied for potential applications in quantum information science. The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) dip is the most important test tool for direct proof of entanglement between paired photons, whose coincidence detection results in anticorrelation due to photon bunching on a beam splitter. Although anticorrelation is due to destructive quantum interference between paired photons, a wavelength-sensitive interference fringe has never been observed in any HOM-type experiments. Here, a typical HOM dip is investigated for entangled photon pairs generated by parametric down conversion processes (SPDC) to understand fundamental physics of anticorrelation. In addition, a pure coherence optics-based Hong-Ou-Mandel scheme is proposed and analyzed for general understanding of anticorrelation in an interferometric system. This study sheds light on deterministic quantum correlation control and opens the door to potential applications of on-demand quantum information science.
Abstract Complementarity theory is the essence of the Copenhagen interpretation in quantum mechanics. Since the Hanbury Brown and Twiss experiments, the particle nature of photons has been intensively studied for various quantum phenomena such as anticorrelation and Bell inequality violation over the last several decades. Regarding the quantum features based on the particle nature of photons, however, no clear answer exists for how to generate such an entangled photon pair or what causes the maximum correlation between them. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the physics of quantumness on anticorrelation using well defined and nearly sub-Poisson distributed coherent photons, where a particular photon number is post-selected using a photon resolving coincidence measurement technique. As a results, unprecedented wavelength dependent first-order intensity correlation has been observed in the two-photon second-order intensity correlation with 99.9 % visibility, where this result demonstrates the anticorrelation theory in Scientific Reports 10, 7309 (2020) and opens the door to the on-demand quantum correlation control.
Quantum technologies based on the particle nature of a photon has been progressed over the last several decades, where the fundamental quantum feature of entanglement has been tested by Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) type anticorrelation as well as Bell-type nonlocal correlation. Mutually exclusive quantum natures of the wave-particle duality of a single photon have been intensively investigated to understand the fundamental physics of mysterious quantum nature. Here, we revisit the HOM-type quantum correlation to answer the question whether the HOM-type anticorrelation can be a test tool for quantum entanglement. For this, a pair of spontaneous parametric down converted photons is tested for the anticorrelation of HOM effects, where the SPDC-generated photon pair is not in an entangled state.
Quantum technologies based on the particle nature of a photon has been progressed over the last several decades, where the fundamental quantum features of entanglement have been tested by Hong-Ou-Mandel-type anticorrelation and Bell-type nonlocal correlation. Recently, mutually exclusive quantum features based on the wave nature of a photon have been investigated to understand the fundamental physics of mysterious quantum correlation, resulting in deterministic and macroscopic quantum technologies. Here, we study the quantum natures of paired photons acting on a beam splitter, where mutual coherence plays a major role. Unlike current common understanding on anticorrelation, bipartite entanglement between paired photons does not have to be probabilistic or post-selected, but can be deterministic and even macroscopic via phase basis manipulation without violating quantum mechanics.
Over the last several decades, entangled photon pairs generated by spontaneous parametric down conversion processes in both second-order and third-order nonlinear optical materials have been intensively studied for various quantum features such as Bell inequality violation and anticorrelation. In an interferometric scheme, anticorrelation results from photon bunching based on randomness when entangled photon pairs coincidently impinge on a beam splitter. Compared with post-measurement-based probabilistic confirmation, a coherence version has been recently proposed using the wave nature of photons. Here, the origin of quantum features in a coupled interferometric scheme is investigated using pure coherence optics. In addition, a deterministic method of entangled photon-pair generation is proposed for on-demand coherence control of quantum processing.
Quantum entanglement generation is generally known to be impossible by any classical means. According to Poisson statistics, coherent photons are not considered quantum particles due to the bunching phenomenon. Recently, a coherence approach has been applied for quantum correlations such as the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect, Franson-type nonlocal correlation, and delayed-choice quantum eraser to understand the mysterious quantum features. In the coherence approach, the quantum correlation has been now understood as a direct result of selective measurements between product bases of phase-coherent photons. Especially in the HOM interpretation, it has been understood that a fixed sum-phase relation between paired photons is the bedrock of quantum entanglement. Here, a coherently excited HOM model is proposed, analyzed, and discussed for the fundamental physics of two-photon correlation using linear optics-based polarization-basis control. For this, polarization-frequency correlation in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer is coherently excited using synchronized acousto-optic modulators, where polarization-basis control is conducted via a selective measurement process of the heterodyne signals. Like quantum operator-based destructive interference in the HOM theory, a perfectly coherent analysis shows the same HOM effects of the paired coherent photons on a beam splitter, whereas individual output intensities are uniform.