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arXiv:2009.13263

A simple practical quantum bit commitment protocol

muqian wen

Published Sep 25, 2020• 0 citations
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Abstract

This paper devises a simple quantum bit commitment protocol that is just as easy to implement as any existing practical quantum bit commitment protocols but will be more secure. It will be infinitely close to being unconditionally fully secure although neither perfectly binding nor perfectly concealing.
DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2009.13263

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It is shown how the evidence state space in quantum bit commitment may be made to depend on the bit value 0 or 1 with split entangled pairs. As a consequence, one can obtain a protocol that is perfectly concealing, but is also εεε-binding because the bit-value dependent evidence space prevents the committing party from cheating by means of a local transformation that is independent of the part of evidence state space that has never been in his possession.
Quantum protocols for bit commitment have been proposed and it is largely accepted that unconditionally secure quantum bit commitment is not possible; however, it can be more secure than classical bit commitment. In despite of its usefulness, quantum bit commitment protocols have not been experimentally implemented. The main reason is the fact that all proposed quantum bit commitment protocols require quantum memory. In this work, we show a quantum bit commitment protocol that does not require quantum memory and can be implemented with present technology.
In classical cryptography, the bit commitment scheme is one of the most important primitives. We review the state of the art of bit commitment protocols, emphasizing its main achievements and applications. Next, we present a practical quantum bit commitment scheme, whose security relies on current technological limitations, such as the lack of long-term stable quantum memories. We demonstrate the feasibility of our practical quantum bit commitment protocol and that it can be securely implemented with nowadays technology.
As a fundamental cryptographic primitive, bit commitment has lots of important and practical applications in modern cryptography. All previously proposed non-relativistic quantum bit commitment protocols cannot evade the Lo–Chau and Mayers attacks. Furthermore, relativistic quantum bit commitment protocols require rigorous spacetime constraints. In this paper, we present a simple, feasible but practically secure quantum bit commitment protocol without any spacetime constraint. The security of the proposed protocol is based on non-relativistic quantum mechanics, but it can resist all known attacks, including the Lo–Chau and Mayers attacks in practice.