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arXiv:2008.09402

Emergent Phases in an Extended Bose-Hubbard Model with Three-body On-site Interaction

Henry Otobrise, Kunle Adegoke

Published Aug 21, 2020• 0 citations
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Abstract

We study the Extended Bose-Hubbard Model with a three-body onsite interaction. Using an exact diagonalization method and a variational Matrix Product States algorithm, \emph{Alps mps-optim}, we compute and analyse the energy charge gap and finite system correlation functions to obtain the phase boundaries and determine the phases and phase transitions of the model. For \mbox{$\frac{V}{U} = 0.6$} and \mbox{$\frac{W}{U} = 0$}, we observed the emergence of the Haldane insulator (HI) phase at the tip of the \mbox{$ρ= 1$} charge density wave (CDW) lobe and for \mbox{$\frac{V}{U} = 0.6$} and \mbox{$\frac{W}{U} = 1$}, we observed the emergence of the supersolid (SS) phase at the tip of the \mbox{$ρ= 1/2$} charge density wave (CDW) lobe. We also noticed that the effect of the inclusion of both the three-body onsite and nearest neighbor interactions on the phase diagram of the model for filling factor \mbox{$ρ= 2$} is to stabilize the Mott insulator (MI) phase such that the system remains in the MI phase for all values of $\frac{V}{U}$.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2008.09402

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We study the Extended Bose-Hubbard Model with a three-body onsite interaction. Using an exact diagonalization method and a variational Matrix Product States algorithm, \emph{Alps mps-optim}, we compute and analyse the energy charge gap and finite system correlation functions to obtain the phase boundaries and determine the phases and phase transitions of the model. For \mbox{VU=0.6\frac{V}{U} = 0.6UV​=0.6} and \mbox{WU=0\frac{W}{U} = 0UW​=0}, we observed the emergence of the Haldane insulator (HI) phase at the tip of the \mbox{ρ=1ρ= 1ρ=1} charge density wave (CDW) lobe and for \mbox{VU=0.6\frac{V}{U} = 0.6UV​=0.6} and \mbox{WU=1\frac{W}{U} = 1UW​=1}, we observed the emergence of the supersolid (SS) phase at the tip of the \mbox{ρ=1/2ρ= 1/2ρ=1/2} charge density wave (CDW) lobe. We also noticed that the effect of the inclusion of both the three-body onsite and nearest neighbor interactions on the phase diagram of the model for filling factor \mbox{ρ=2ρ= 2ρ=2} is to stabilize the Mott insulator (MI) phase such that the system remains in the MI phase for all values of VU\frac{V}{U}UV​.
We use the Gutzwiller ansatz and analyze the phase diagram of the extended Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian with on-site (UUU) and nearest-neighbor (VVV) repulsions. For ddd-dimensional hypercubic lattices, when 2dV<U2\mathit{dV}<U2dV<U, it is well known that the ground state alternates between the charge-density-wave (CDW) and Mott insulators, and the supersolid (SS) phase occupies small regions around the CDW insulators. However, when 2dV>U2\mathit{dV}>U2dV>U, in this Rapid Communication, we show that the ground state has only CDW insulators, and more importantly, the SS phase occupies a much larger region in the phase diagram, existing up to very large hopping values which could be orders of magnitude higher than that of the well-known case. In particular, the SS-superfluid phase boundary increases linearly as a function of hopping when $2\mathit{dV}\ensuremath{\gtrsim}1.5U$, for which the prospects of observing the SS phase with dipolar Bose gases loaded into optical lattices is much higher.
We use the finite-size, density-matrix-renormalization-group (FSDMRG) method to obtain the phase diagram of the one-dimensional (d=1)(d=1)(d=1) extended Bose-Hubbard model for density $\ensuremath{\rho}=1$ in the $U\ensuremath{-}V$ plane, where UUU and VVV are, respectively, onsite and nearest-neighbor interactions. The phase diagram comprises three phases: superfluid (SF), Mott insulator (MI), and mass-density-wave (MDW). For small values of UUU and VVV, we get a reentrant SF-MI-SF phase transition. For intermediate values of interactions the SF phase is sandwiched between MI and MDW phases with continuous SF-MI and SF-MDW transitions. We show, by a detailed, finite-size scaling analysis, that the MI-SF transition is of Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) type whereas the MDW-SF transition has both KT and two-dimensional Ising characters. For large values of UUU and VVV we get a direct, first-order, MI-MDW transition. The MI-SF, MDW-SF, and MI-MDW phase boundaries join at a bicritical point at $(U,V)=(8.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05,4.75\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05)$.
We carry out an extensive study of the phase diagram of the extended Bose Hubbard model, with a mean filling of one boson per site, in one dimension by using the density matrix renormalization group and show that it can have Superfluid (SF), Mott-insulator (MI), density-wave (DW) and Haldane-insulator (HI) phases depending on the precise value of filling and how edge states are handled. We show that the critical exponents and central charge for the HI-DW, MI-HI and SF-MI transitions are consistent with those for models in the two-dimensional Ising, Gaussian, and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) universality classes, respectively; and we suggest that the SF-HI transition may be more exotic than a simple BKT transition.
We carry out an extensive study of the phase diagrams of the extended Bose Hubbard model, with a mean filling of one boson per site, in one dimension by using the density matrix renormalization group and show that it contains Superfluid (SF), Mott-insulator (MI), density-wave (DW) and Haldane-insulator (HI) phases. We show that the critical exponents and central charges for the HI-DW, MI-HI and SF-MI transitions are consistent with those for models in the two-dimensional Ising, Gaussian, and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) universality classes, respectively; and we suggest that the SF-HI transition may be more exotic than a simple BKT transition. We show explicitly that different boundary conditions lead to different phase diagrams.
By means of the density matrix renormalization group technique, we accurately determine the zero-temperature phase diagram of the one-dimensional extended Bose–Hubbard model with on-site and nearest-neighbor interactions. We analyze the scaling of the charge and of the neutral ground-state energy gaps, as well as of various order parameters. In this way we come to an accurate location of the boundaries between the superfluid and the insulating phases. In this last region, we are able to distinguish between the conventional Mott insulating and density-wave phases and the Haldane insulator phase displaying long-range string ordering, as originally predicted by Dalla Torre et al (2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 260401).
We present the global phase diagram of the extended boson Hubbard model on a simple cubic lattice by quantum Monte Carlo simulation with the worm update algorithm. Four kinds of phases are supported by this model, including superfluid, supersolid, Mott, and charge density wave (CDW) states, which are identified in the phase diagram of chemical potential $\ensuremath{\mu}$ versus nearest-neighbor interaction VVV. By changing the chemical potential, a continuous transition is found from the Mott phase to a superfluid phase without breaking the translational symmetry. For an insulating CDW state, adding particles to it gives rise to a continuous transition to a supersolid phase, while removing particles usually leads to a first-order transition to either a supersolid or superfluid phase. By tuning the nearest-neighbor interaction, one can realize the transition between two insulating phases, Mott and CDW, with the same particle density, which turns out to be first order. We also confirm the result in Phys. Rev. B 79, 094503 (2009) that a supersolid phase with average particle density less than 1/2 can exist in a small region of the $\ensuremath{\mu}$-VVV phase diagram.