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arXiv:2008.05923 · IEEE Communications Letters

Secure Transmission in MIMO-NOMA Networks

Yue Qi, Mojtaba Vaezi

Published Aug 17, 2020• 37 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

This letter focuses on the physical layer security over two-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks. A linear precoding technique is designed to ensure the confidentiality of the message of each user from its counterpart. This technique first splits the base station power between the two users and, based on that, decomposes the secure MIMO-NOMA channel into two MIMO wiretap channels, and designs the transmit covariance matrix for each channel separately. The proposed method substantially enlarges the secrecy rate compared to existing linear precoding methods and strikes a balance between performance and computation cost. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

DOI
10.1109/lcomm.2020.3016999

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This letter focuses on the physical layer security over two-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks. A linear precoding technique is designed to ensure the confidentiality of the message of each user from its counterpart. This technique first splits the base station power between the two users and, based on that, decomposes the secure MIMO-NOMA channel into two MIMO wiretap channels, and designs the transmit covariance matrix for each channel separately. The proposed method substantially enlarges the secrecy rate compared to existing linear precoding methods and strikes a balance between performance and computation cost. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A novel signaling design for secure transmission over two-user multiple-input multiple-output non-orthogonal multiple access channel using deep neural networks (DNNs) is proposed. The goal of the DNN is to form the covariance matrix of users’ signals such that the message of each user is transmitted reliably while being confidential from its counterpart. The proposed DNN linearly precodes each user’s signal before superimposing them and achieves near-optimal performance with significantly lower run time. Simulation results show that the proposed models reach about 98% of the secrecy capacity rates. The spectral efficiency of the DNN precoder is much higher than that of existing analytical linear precoders,–e.g., generalized singular value decomposition–and its on-the-fly complexity is several times less than the existing iterative methods.
Secure communication over two related multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks is investigated. Both networks consist of two legitimate (internal) users and an eavesdropper (external user). In one network, in addition to the external eavesdropper, one of the internal users is also seen as an eavesdropper to the other internal user, resulting in layered confidentiality. The secrecy capacity expressions of these networks are composed of nonconvex functions of transmit covariance matrices, which makes it intractable to find optimal transmit covariance matrices. To overcome this challenge, we form a weighted sum-rate maximization problem for each network and apply the block successive maximization method. This method updates the primal variable blocks successively by maximizing local lower-bounds of the original problem, followed by an update for the dual variable in a closed form. The solutions for these problems design covariance matrices corresponding to the transmitted messages such that they are transmitted securely and reliably. Numerical results illustrate the efficacy of the proposed signaling design for both MIMO-NOMA networks.
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a prospective technology for radio resource constrained future mobile networks. However, NOMA users far from base station (BS) tend to be more susceptible to eavesdropping because they are allocated more transmit power. In this paper, we aim to jointly optimize the precoding vectors at BS to ensure the legitimate security in a downlink multiple-input single-output (MISO) NOMA network. In the proposed scheme, we can maximize the sum secrecy rate by joint precoding optimization. Owing to its non-convexity, the problem is converted into a convex one, which is solved by a second-order cone programming based iterative algorithm. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate that the proposed schemes can improve the security performance for MISO NOMA systems effectively.
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a prospective technology for radio resource constrained future mobile networks. However, NOMA users far from a base station (BS) tend to be more susceptible to eavesdropping because they are allocated more transmit power. In this paper, we aim to jointly optimize the precoding vectors at the BS to ensure the legitimate security in a downlink multiple-input single-output (MISO) NOMA network. When the eavesdropping channel state information (CSI) is available at the BS, we can maximize the sum secrecy rate by joint precoding optimization. Owing to its non-convexity, the problem is converted into a convex one, which is solved by a second-order-cone-programming-based iterative algorithm. When the CSI of the eavesdropping channel is not available, we first consider the case that the secure user is not the farthest from the BS, and the transmit power of the farther users is maximized via joint precoding optimization to guarantee its security. Then, we consider the case when the farthest user from the BS requires secure transmission, and the modified successive interference cancellation order and joint precoding optimization can be adopted to ensure its security. A similar method can be exploited to solve the two non-convex problems when the CSI is unknown. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed schemes can improve the security performance for MISO NOMA systems effectively, with and without eavesdropping CSI.
We propose linear precoding with power control to achieve confidential broadcasting in multi-input-multi-output multiuser networks such that the base station (BS) with Ntantennas securely broadcasts messages to K users with Nrantennas each. We focus on the practical non-homogeneous scenario where the distances between the BS and the users are not equal. We first design a linear precoder based on regularized channel inversion, and derive new channel-independent expressions for the achievable secrecy sum-rate in the large system regime. With the aid of these expressions, we examine the impact of user dispersion, Nt, and K on the secrecy sum-rate. We then propose a power reduction strategy and power allocation algorithms to increase the secrecy sum-rate. We demonstrate that our power reduction strategy increases the secrecy sum-rate at high signal-to-noise ratios. We also show the secrecy sum-rate advantage of optimal power allocation over equal power allocation. Furthermore, we consider channel correlation and derive an easy-to-compute expression for the secrecy sum-rate to examine its impact on the secrecy performance.
Owing to the eminent performance gain, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been regarded as a promising approach to achieve high throughput and low latency for the next-generation networks. Nevertheless, potential adversaries can still pose a threat to secure transmission in NOMA systems. Hence, in this article, secure transmission schemes based on beamforming optimization are designed to combat both internal and external eavesdropping for downlink multi-input single-output NOMA networks. Using the transmit beamforming design, we first propose two schemes to protect the privacy of a specific NOMA user in the presence of untrusted users. Then, the sum secrecy rate optimization problem is studied to combat the external eavesdropper through optimizing the precoding vectors, when the channel state information (CSI) is available. In addition, two secure beamforming strategies with the help of artificial noise and inter-user interference are proposed without eavesdropping CSI, respectively. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes, and some open issues are discussed as well.