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arXiv:2004.11891

Control of nonlinear optical phenomena and spatially structured optical effects in a four-level quantum system near a plasmonic nanostructure

Hamid Reza Hamedi, Vassilios Yannopapas, Emmanuel Paspalakis

Published Apr 24, 2020• 0 citations
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Abstract

We investigate the nonlinear optical response of a four-level double-V-type quantum system interacting with a pair of weak probe fields while located near a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. Such a quantum system contains a V-type subsystem interacting with surface plasmons, and another V-type subsystem interacting with the free-space vacuum. A distinctive feature of the proposed setup is its sensitivity to the relative phase of the applied fields when placed near the plasmonic nanostructure. We demonstrate that due to the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure, the third-order (Kerr-type) susceptibility for one of the laser fields can be significantly modified while another probe field is acting. Moreover, the Kerr nonlinearity of the system can be controlled and even enhanced by varying the distance of the quantum system from the plasmonic nanostructure.We also show that the Kerr nonlinearity of such a system can be controlled by adjusting the relative phase of the applied fields. The results obtained may find potential applications in on-chip nanoscale photonic devices. We also study the light-matter interaction in the case where one probe field carries an optical vortex, and another probe field has no vortex. We demonstrate that due to the phase sensitivity of the closed-loop double V-type quantum system, the linear and nonlinear susceptibility of the nonvortex probe beam depends on the azimuthal angle and orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the vortex probe beam. This feature is missing in open four-level double V-type quantum system interacting with free-space vacuum, as no quantum interference occurs in this case. We use the azimuthal dependence of optical susceptibility of the quantum system to determine the regions of spatially-structured transmittance.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2004.11891

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We investigate the nonlinear optical response of a four-level double-V-type quantum system interacting with a pair of weak probe fields while located near a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. Such a quantum system contains a V-type subsystem interacting with surface plasmons, and another V-type subsystem interacting with the free-space vacuum. A distinctive feature of the proposed setup is its sensitivity to the relative phase of the applied fields when placed near the plasmonic nanostructure. We demonstrate that due to the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure, the third-order (Kerr-type) susceptibility for one of the laser fields can be significantly modified while another probe field is acting. Moreover, the Kerr nonlinearity of the system can be controlled and even enhanced by varying the distance of the quantum system from the plasmonic nanostructure.We also show that the Kerr nonlinearity of such a system can be controlled by adjusting the relative phase of the applied fields. The results obtained may find potential applications in on-chip nanoscale photonic devices. We also study the light-matter interaction in the case where one probe field carries an optical vortex, and another probe field has no vortex. We demonstrate that due to the phase sensitivity of the closed-loop double V-type quantum system, the linear and nonlinear susceptibility of the nonvortex probe beam depends on the azimuthal angle and orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the vortex probe beam. This feature is missing in open four-level double V-type quantum system interacting with free-space vacuum, as no quantum interference occurs in this case. We use the azimuthal dependence of optical susceptibility of the quantum system to determine the regions of spatially-structured transmittance.
Abstract The light–matter interaction for a four‐level double‐V‐type quantum system interacting with a pair of weak probe fields while located near a 2D array of metal‐coated dielectric nanospheres is studied. A situation is considered in which one of the probe field carries an optical vortex, that is, an electromagnetic field with optical angular momentum, and the other probe field has no vortex. It is demonstrated that due to the phase sensitivity of the closed‐loop double V‐type quantum system, the linear and nonlinear susceptibility of the non‐vortex probe beam depends on the azimuthal angle and orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the vortex probe beam. This feature is missing in an open four‐level double V‐type quantum system interacting with free‐space vacuum, as no quantum interference occurs in this case. The azimuthal dependence of optical susceptibility of the quantum system is used to determine the regions of spatially structured transparency.
We present a theoretical study for the Kerr nonlinearity of a four-level double-V-type quantum system near a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. In the quantum system under study one V-type transition is influenced by the interaction with surface plasmons while the other V-type transition interacts with free-space vacuum. The quantum system interacts with a linearly polarized weak laser field that couples the lowest state with the upper states in the free-space transitions. We show that the Kerr nonlinearity is strongly influenced by the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure and is particularly sensitive to the distance between the quantum system and the plasmonic nanostructure.
We study the optical response of a four-level double-V-type quantum system which interacts simultaneously with probe and pump laser fields and is located near a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. By considering different coupling configurations for the pump/probe laser fields and analyzing the resulting probe absorption spectrum we reveal a variety of phenomena, such as huge enhancement of the absorption at the central line, gain without inversion, and a phase-dependent absorption spectrum. We also show that the enhancement of probe absorption or the gain can be controlled by varying the distance of the quantum system from the plasmonic nanostructure, the intensity of the pump field(s), and, when applicable, their relative phase. Our results can find applications in on-chip nanoscale photonic devices.
We study theoretically the effects of a plasmonic nanostructure on the linear absorption and dispersion spectrum of a four-level double- V\mathsf{V}V-type quantum system. In the quantum system under study one V\mathsf{V}V-type transition is influenced by the interaction with surface plasmons while the other V\mathsf{V}V-type transition interacts with free-space vacuum. As plasmonic nanostructure we consider a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. We analyze the optical properties of a linearly polarized laser field that couples the lowest state with the upper states in the free-space transitions. We show that, due to the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure, effects of optical transparency are created. These effects are also complemented by the existence of slow light.
We investigate the quantum linear and nonlinear effects in a novel five-level quantum system placed near a plasmonic nanostructure. Such a quantum scheme contains a double-V-type subsystem interacting with a weak probe field. The double-V-subsystem is then coupled to an excited state by a strong coupling field, which can be a position-dependent standing-wave field. We start by analyzing the first-order linear as well as the third and fifth order nonlinear terms of the probe susceptibility by systematically solving the equations for the matter-fields. When the quantum system is near the plasmonic nanostructure, the coherent control of linear and nonlinear susceptibilities becomes inevitable, leading to vanishing absorption effects and enhancing the nonlinearities. We also show that when the coupling light involves a standing-wave pattern, the periodic modulation of linear and nonlinear spectra results in an efficient scheme for the electromagnetically induced grating (EIG). In particular, the diffraction efficiency is influenced by changing the distance between the quantum system and plasmonic nanostructure. The proposed scheme may find potential applications in future nanoscale photonic devices.
Abstract We theoretically study a two-dimensional electromagnetically induced phase grating in a four-level quantum system located near plasmonic metamaterials consisting of a periodic two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. The four-level quantum system interacts with a weak-probe laser field and a strong coherent coupling field with a standing-wave pattern. In the presence of plasmonic metamaterials the quantum system becomes sensitive to the relative phase between applied light. Therefore, the linear absorption and Kerr nonlinearity of the medium become phase dependent. Here, due to the standing-wave pattern of coupling light, an absorptive grating or phase grating can be formed in the quantum system. In our proposed model, we show that the diffraction efficiencies of the grating are related to the relative phase between applied fields, when the quantum system is located at different distances from plasmonic metamaterials.