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arXiv:2004.05673 · Physical review. D/Physical review. D.

Deformed classical-quantum mechanics transition

J. L. Cortés, J. Gamboa

Published Aug 17, 2020• 5 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

An approach to study a generalization of the classical-quantum transition for general systems is proposed. In order to develop the idea, a deformation of the ladder operators algebra is proposed that contains a realization of the quantum group $SU(2{)}_{q}$ as a particular case. In this deformation Planck's constant becomes an operator whose eigenvalues approach $\ensuremath{\hbar}$ for small values of $n$ (the eigenvalue of the number operator) and zero for large values of $n$ (the system is classicalized).

DOI
10.1103/physrevd.102.036015

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An approach to study a generalization of the classical-quantum transition for general systems is proposed. In order to develop the idea, a deformation of the ladder operators algebra is proposed that contains a realization of the quantum group SU(2)qSU(2{)}_{q}SU(2)q​ as a particular case. In this deformation Planck's constant becomes an operator whose eigenvalues approach \ensuremathℏ\ensuremath{\hbar}\ensuremathℏ for small values of nnn (the eigenvalue of the number operator) and zero for large values of nnn (the system is classicalized).
Quantum and classical mechanics of a system of q-deformed bosonic oscillators are considered. The q-deformed Heisenberg-Weyl algebra of creation and destruction operators is realized by differential operators in a space of functions of real commutative variables. The corresponding Hilbert space is constructed. In this approach, the deformation parameter turns out to be a function of the Planck constant, an oscillator frequency and a parameter with dimension of length. The Hamiltonian path integral is derived and its semiclassical approximation is investigated to obtain the corresponding q-deformed classical theory. The phase space spanned by the usual commutative coordinates is shown to be a cylinder in classical theory. The dimensional parameter introduced determines its radius. It is argued that the q-deformation can be associated with a special non-canonical transformation. The principle of least action for the classical q-deformed system is formulated. A representation of U q (m) in a space of functions on a phase space spanned by commutative coordinates is constructed.
One can introduce so-called {\em Plain Mechanics} having an {\bf operator realization}. Then the set of one-dimension representations of this operator realization may be identified with the Classical Mechanics. Different irreducible infinite-dimension representations may be recognized as Quantum Mechanics for different ℏ\hbarℏ (the Planck constant). It can be done in the such manner that the following diagram will be commutative. Plain Mechanics / \ / \ / \ Quantum Mechanics --> Classical Mechanics h->0 Here the horizontal arrow is well known correspondence between Quantum and Classical Mechanics if Planck constant tensing to zero. A {\em realization} of this scheme for a particle in nnn-dimensional space by two-sided convolutions on the Heisenberg group is constructed. We also introduce the {\em motion equations} for observables in this realization. The left arrow of the given diagram carries this equation to the Heisenberg one and the right arrow maps it to the Hamilton equation.
The algebra of polynomials in operators that represent generalized coordinate and momentum and depend on the Planck constant is defined. The Planck constant is treated as the parameter taking values between zero and some nonvanishing h0h_0h0​. For the second of these two extreme values, introduced operatorial algebra becomes equivalent to the algebra of observables of quantum mechanical system defined in the standard manner by operators in the Hilbert space. For the vanishing Planck constant, the generalized algebra gives the operator formulation of classical mechanics since it is equivalent to the algebra of variables of classical mechanical system defined, as usually, by functions over the phase space. In this way, the semiclassical limit of kinematical part of quantum mechanics is established through the generalized operatorial framework.
Abstract We develop a deformation quantization approach to quantum mechanics that exhibits a nonzero minimal uncertainty in position through the modification of commutation relations for the operators of position and momentum. Deformation quantization is a method of quantizing a classical Hamiltonian system by suitably deforming the Poisson algebra of the system. The developed theory of deformation quantization is non-formal. An appropriate integral formula for the star-product is introduced, along with a suitable space of functions on which the star-product is well defined. A C*-algebra of observables and a space of states are constructed. Moreover, an operator representation in momentum space is presented. Finally, an example of states of maximal localization is given in terms of generalized Wigner functions.
A "minimal" generalization of Quantum Mechanics is proposed, where the Lagrangian or the action functional is a mapping from the (classical) states of a system to the Lie algebra of a general compact Lie group, and the wave function takes values in the corresponding group algebra. This formalism admits a probability interpretation and a suitable dynamics, but has no obvious classical correspondence. Allowing the Lagrangian or the action functional to take values in a general Lie algebra instead of only the real number field (actually the u(1) algebra) enlarges the extent of possible physical laws that can describe the real world. The generalized quantum dynamics of a point particle in a background gauge field is given as an example, which realizes the gauge invariance by a Wilson line structure and shows that some Schrodinger-like equation can be deduced within this formalism. Some possible developments of this formalism are also discussed.