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arXiv:1912.03693 · Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Magnetic excitations in magnetization plateaus of a frustrated spin ladder

Kota Sasaki, Takanori Sugimoto, Takami Tohyama, Shigetoshi Sota

Published Apr 6, 2020• 7 citations
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Abstract

Magnetization plateaus emerging in quantum spin systems due to spontaneously breaking of translational symmetry have been reported both theoretically and experimentally. The broken symmetry can induce reconstruction of elementary excitations such as Goldstone and Higgs modes, whereas its microscopic mechanism and reconstructed quasiparticle in magnetization-plateau phases have remained unclear so far. Here we theoretically study magnetic excitations in the magnetization-plateau phases of a frustrated spin ladder by using the dynamical density-matrix renormalization-group method. Additionally, analytical approaches with the perturbation theory are performed to obtain an intuitive view of magnetic excitations. A comparison between numerical and analytical results indicates the presence of a reconstructed quasiparticle originating from spontaneously broken translational symmetry, which is realized as a collective mode of the spin trimer called a trimeron.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.101.144407

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Magnetization plateaus emerging in quantum spin systems due to spontaneously breaking of translational symmetry have been reported both theoretically and experimentally. The broken symmetry can induce reconstruction of elementary excitations such as Goldstone and Higgs modes, whereas its microscopic mechanism and reconstructed quasiparticle in magnetization-plateau phases have remained unclear so far. Here we theoretically study magnetic excitations in the magnetization-plateau phases of a frustrated spin ladder by using the dynamical density-matrix renormalization-group method. Additionally, analytical approaches with the perturbation theory are performed to obtain an intuitive view of magnetic excitations. A comparison between numerical and analytical results indicates the presence of a reconstructed quasiparticle originating from spontaneously broken translational symmetry, which is realized as a collective mode of the spin trimer called a trimeron.
The quantum phase transitions induced by a magnetic field are theoretically studied in a frustrated two-leg spin ladder. Using the density-matrix renormalization-group method, we find some magnetic phase transitions and plateaus in two different cases of strong and weak rung couplings. With the strong rung coupling, the three magnetization plateaus are found at 1/3, 1/2, and 2/3 due to the frustration. Those can be understood in terms of a quasispinon reconstructed from the singlet and the triplets of spins on a rung. The plateau at 1/2 corresponds to the valence bond solid of the quasispinons, while the plateaus at 1/3 and 2/3 can be associated with the array of quasispinons such as the soliton lattice. This is different from the usual Bose-Einstein-condensation picture of triplons. Our results will be useful in understanding magnetization curves in BiCu2PO6{\mathrm{BiCu}}_{2}{\mathrm{PO}}_{6}BiCu2​PO6​.
The quantum phase transitions induced by a magnetic field are theoretically studied in a frustrated two-leg spin ladder. Using the density-matrix renormalization-group method, we find some magnetic phase transitions and plateaux in two different cases of strong and weak rung couplings. With the strong rung coupling, the three magnetization plateaux are found at 1/3, 1/2, and 2/3 due to the frustration. Those can be understood in terms of a quasi-spinon reconstructed from the singlet and the triplets of spins on a rung. The plateau at 1/2 corresponds to the valence bond solid of the quasispinons, while the plateaux at 1/3 and 2/3 can be associated with the array of quasi-spinons such as soliton lattice. This is different from the usual Bose-Einstein-condensation picture of triplons. Our results will be useful to understand magnetization curves in BiCu2PO6.
We investigate, at T =0, the magnetization process of the S =1 frustrated two-leg spin ladder having the leg interaction ( J ), the rung interaction ( J 0 ) and the diagonal interaction ( J d ), especially focusing on the appearance and the disappearance of the magnetization plateaux. We use the degenerate perturbation theory, the level spectroscopy analysis of the numerical diagonalization data and the DMRG. When J d =0, the M s /2 plateau ( M s is the saturation magnetization) appears for J 0 / J > 1.463. Then there is no M s /2 plateau for the so-called isotropic case J = J 0 . In case of J d > 0, J d helps the M s /2 plateau. And also, the M s /4 and (3/4) M s plateaux appear when J d is sufficiently large. These two plateaux are associated with the spontaneous breaking of the translation symmetry along the leg direction. We show the plateau phase diagram on the J d versus J plane, and also the magnetic phase diagram on the H versus J d plane for fixed J .
Motivated by the ever-increasing experimental effort devoted to the properties of frustrated quantum magnets in a magnetic field, we present a careful and detailed theoretical analysis of a one-dimensional version of this problem, a frustrated ladder with a magnetization plateau at m=1∕2m=1∕2m=1∕2. We show that even for purely isotropic Heisenberg interactions, the magnetization curve exhibits a rather complex behavior that can be fully accounted for in terms of simple elementary excitations. The introduction of anisotropic interactions (e.g., Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions) modifies significantly the picture and reveals an essential difference between integer and fractional plateaus. In particular, anisotropic interactions generically open a gap in the region between the plateaus, but we show that this gap closes upon entering fractional plateaus. All of these conclusions, based on analytical arguments, are supported by extensive density matrix renormalization group calculations.
We study the T=0T=0T=0 magnetization of frustrated two-leg spin ladders with arbitrary value of the spin SSS. In the strong-rung limit, we use degenerate perturbation theory to prove that frustration leads to magnetization plateaus at fractional values of the magnetization for all spins SSS and to determine the critical ratios of parallel to diagonal inter-rung couplings for the appearance of these plateaus. These ratios depend both on the plateau and on the spin. To confirm these results and to investigate the properties of these ladders away from the strong-coupling limit, we have performed extensive density-matrix renormalization-group calculations for $S\ensuremath{\le}2$. For large enough inter-rung couplings, all plateaus simply disappear, leading to a magnetization curve typical of integer-spin chains in a magnetic field. The intermediate region turns out to be surprisingly rich however, with, upon increasing the inter-rung couplings, the development of magnetization jumps and, in some cases, the appearance of one or more phase transitions inside a given plateau.
Plateaus can be observed in the zero-temperature magnetization curve of quantum spin systems at rational values of the magnetization. In one dimension, the appearance of a plateau is controlled by a quantization condition for the magnetization which involves the length of the local spin and the volume of a translational unit cell of the ground state. We discuss examples of geometrically frustrated quantum spin systems with large (in general unbounded) periodicities of spontaneous breaking of translational symmetry in the ground state. In two dimensions, we discuss the square, triangular and Kagomé lattices using exact diagonalization (ED) for up to N = 40 sites. For the spin-1/2 XXZ model on the triangular lattice we study the nature and stability region of a plateau at one third of the saturation magnetization. The Kagomé lattice gives rise to particularly rich behaviour with several plateaus in the magnetization curve and a jump due to local magnon excitations just below saturation.