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arXiv:1906.11000 · The European Physical Journal C

Aharonov–Bohm-type effect in the background of a distortion of a vertical line into a vertical spiral

W. C. F. da Silva, K. Bakke

Published Jul 1, 2019• 23 citations
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Abstract

It is analysed Aharonov–Bohm-type effects when a spinless quantum particle is in an elastic medium with the distortion of a vertical line into a vertical spiral. By confining the spinless particle to a cylindrical box, the analogue of the Aharonov–Bohm effect for bound states is observed due to the influence of the topological defect on the allowed energies of the system. It corresponds to the shift in the angular momentum quantum number yielded by the effects of the topology of the distortion of a vertical line into a vertical spiral. In addition, it is analysed the effects of rotation. It is shown that the Aharonov–Bohm effect for bound states exists. Besides, there is an analogue of the coupling between the angular momentum and angular velocity of the rotating frame.

DOI
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7073-0

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It is analysed Aharonov–Bohm-type effects when a spinless quantum particle is in an elastic medium with the distortion of a vertical line into a vertical spiral. By confining the spinless particle to a cylindrical box, the analogue of the Aharonov–Bohm effect for bound states is observed due to the influence of the topological defect on the allowed energies of the system. It corresponds to the shift in the angular momentum quantum number yielded by the effects of the topology of the distortion of a vertical line into a vertical spiral. In addition, it is analysed the effects of rotation. It is shown that the Aharonov–Bohm effect for bound states exists. Besides, there is an analogue of the coupling between the angular momentum and angular velocity of the rotating frame.
A particle is assumed to move along a one-dimensional loop such as an ellipse that rotates in a plane. Because of the centrifugal force the particle is subjected to a symmetric double-well potential. Classically, the Coriolis force does not affect the motion of the particle, whereas the corresponding term in the Lagrangian influences the properties of the quantum system: its ground state turns out to be degenerate for a discrete set of angular velocities. The analogy between a constant magnetic field and a uniform rotation is used to propose, in addition, a variant of the Aharonov-Bohm experiment, which can be performed also with neutral particles.
In this paper, we study the effects of rotation in the spin-1/2 non-relativistic Aharonov-Bohm problem for bound states. We use a technique based on the self-adjoint extension method and determine an expression for the energies of the bound states. The inclusion of the spin element in the Hamiltonian guarantees the existence of bound state solutions. We perform a numerical analysis of the energies and verify that both rotation and the spin degree of freedom affect the energies of the particle. The main effect we observe in this analysis is a cutoff value manifested in the Aharonov-Bohm flux parameter that delimits the values for the positive and negative energies.
We study the quantum interference of two paths that enclose a slowly rotating, infinitely long, and infinitely thin cylindrical shell, using the spacetime metric induced by the gravitational source. We show that the rotation of the shell affects the interference pattern even though it does not contribute to the classical motion of particles propagating outside the shell. Furthermore, we find that the gravitomagnetic field is non-vanishing only in the region inside the shell, yet it contributes to the interference taking place entirely in the exterior region. This phenomenon is therefore a gravitational analogue of the Aharonov-Bohm effect, in which a field confined to an inaccessible region influences the quantum phase of particles propagating in a field-free region.
We study the appearance of an Aharonov–Bohm-type effect around a cylindrical cavity in a magnetic quadrupole moment system in a rotating reference frame. The analogue of the Aharonov–Bohm-type effect of bound states arises from the interaction of the magnetic quadrupole moment of a neutral particle with an induced electric field when the neutral particle is subject to an attractive inverse-square-type potential, which in turn stems from the interaction of the magnetic quadrupole moment of a neutral particle with a magnetic field. We also discuss how the effects of rotation modify the degeneracy of the energy levels in contrast to the case of absence of rotation. Besides this, we calculate the revival time and the persistent currents.