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arXiv:1904.00383 · Physical Review Applied

Interfacing a Topological Qubit with a Spin Qubit in a Hybrid Quantum System

Bo Li, Fuli Li, Yuan Zhou, Jie Liu, Hongrong Li, Fuli Li

Published Apr 9, 2019• 24 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Research into hybrid quantum systems featuring both conventional and topological qubits is of keen interest for quantum information processing, and a key challenge is to realize a coherent interface between such qubits of different nature. The authors find that a topological qubit can be interfaced to a single nitrogen-vacancy center via a magnetized torsional cantilever. Topology-torsion couplings are induced by the magneto-Josephson effect, while spin-torsion couplings are realized by the exquisite preparation of dressed spin states. These coherent interactions can reach the strong-coupling regime, and enable a mechanically-dark-state protocol for quantum state conversion.

DOI
10.1103/physrevapplied.11.044026

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Research into hybrid quantum systems featuring both conventional and topological qubits is of keen interest for quantum information processing, and a key challenge is to realize a coherent interface between such qubits of different nature. The authors find that a topological qubit can be interfaced to a single nitrogen-vacancy center via a magnetized torsional cantilever. Topology-torsion couplings are induced by the magneto-Josephson effect, while spin-torsion couplings are realized by the exquisite preparation of dressed spin states. These coherent interactions can reach the strong-coupling regime, and enable a mechanically-dark-state protocol for quantum state conversion.
Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond and superconducting qubits are two promising solid-state quantum systems for quantum science and technology, but the realization of controlled interfaces between individual solid-state spins and superconducting qubits remains fundamentally challenging. Here, we propose and analyze a hybrid quantum system consisting of a magnetic skyrmion, an NV center, and a superconducting qubit, where the solid-state qubits are both positioned in proximity to the skyrmion structure in a thin magnetic disk. We show that it is experimentally feasible to achieve strong (coherent or dissipative) coupling between the NV center and the superconducting qubit by using the as an intermediary. This allows coherent information transfer and nonreciprocal responses between the NV center and the superconducting qubit at the single quantum level with high controllability. The proposed platform provides a scalable pathway for implementing quantum protocols that synergistically exploit the complementary advantages of spin-based quantum memories, microwave-frequency superconducting circuits, and topologically protected magnetic excitations.
Research into hybrid quantum systems is of great interest for quantum information processing; however, a key challenge is finding a controlled interface between a superconducting circuit and a lone solid-state qubit. The authors design a coherent quantum interface between a microwave cavity and a single nitrogen-vacancy center in a mechanical resonator made of diamond. Here the coupling between the quantized motion of the diamond beam and the cavity photons is due to dielectric interaction, not the traditional capacitive coupling, and is scalable to large arrays of resonators for e.g. a memory chip.
Hybrid quantum circuits combining advantages of each individual system have provided a promising platform for quantum information processing. Here we propose an experimental scheme to directly couple a transmon qubit to an individual spin in the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center, with a coupling strength three orders of magnitude larger than that for a single spin coupled to a coplanar waveguide microwave cavity. This direct coupling between the transmon and the NV center could be utilized to make a transmon bus, leading to a coherently virtual exchange among different single spins. Furthermore, we demonstrate that, by coupling a transmon to a low-density NV ensemble, a swap operation between the transmon and NV ensemble is feasible and a quantum nondemolition measurement on the state of the NV ensemble can be realized on the cavity-transmon-NV-ensemble hybrid system. Moreover, in this system, a virtual coupling can be achieved between the cavity and NV ensemble, which is much larger in magnitude than the direct coupling between the cavity and the NV ensemble. The photon state in the cavity can thus be stored into NV spins more efficiently through this virtual coupling.
In this paper, a three-body hybrid quantum system with the solid-state spin and topological qubit both mediated by a torsional nanomechanical resonator (NMR) is built by taking advantage of two different coupling mechanisms, the so-called strain and the magnetism, respectively. Two basic quantum manipulation (QM) schemes with respect to the quantum interface for arbitrary-state transfer and two-qubit Mølmer–Sørensen (MS) gate are also studied here. Then the efficiency for both QM processes is also systematically estimated, even under the influence of all kinds of adverse factors such as dissipation, decoherence and dephasing. This work may provide an extensible route towards a wider range of applications in quantum manipulation.
As work progresses towards a useful quantum computer using various physical implementations, it seems likely that no single physical system can fully realize all necessary requirements for a large scale, interfaced, stable quantum computer. Instead, it seems various systems are more predisposed for use as computational qubits while others to acting as “flying” qubits. The nitrogen vacancy center in diamond is a physical system of numerous applications, of which significant interest has been towards the NV’s role in quantum computation. The center’s impressive spin coherence as well as its coupling to magnetic fields, strain fields and nuclear spins suggests the role of the NV in hybrid quantum systems will be critical. In this dissertation, I will report on progress made towards the use of the NV in various hybrid quantum systems, including the coupling of the NV between optical, microwave and strain fields.