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arXiv:1812.03708 · Optics Letters

Phase evolution of the direct detection noise figure of a nondegenerate fiber phase-sensitive amplifier

Tarek Labidi, Ihsan Fsaifes, Weilin Xie, Debanuj Chatterjee, Fabienne Goldfarb, Fabien Bretenaker

Published Sep 14, 2018• 5 citations
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Abstract

We experimentally investigate the evolution of the direct detection noise figure of a nondegenerate phase-sensitive amplifier based on a nonlinear fiber, as a function of the relative phase between the signal, idler, and pump, all other parameters remaining fixed. The use of a fiber with a high stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold permits us to investigate the full range of phase-sensitive gain and noise figure without pump dithering. Good agreement is found with theory, both for signal only and combined signal and idler direct detections.

DOI
10.1364/ol.43.004546

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We experimentally investigate the evolution of the direct detection noise figure of a nondegenerate phase-sensitive amplifier based on a nonlinear fiber, as a function of the relative phase between the signal, idler, and pump, all other parameters remaining fixed. The use of a fiber with a high stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold permits us to investigate the full range of phase-sensitive gain and noise figure without pump dithering. Good agreement is found with theory, both for signal only and combined signal and idler direct detections.
We experimentally investigate the evolution of the direct detection noise figure of a nondegenerate phase-sensitive amplifier based on a nonlinear fiber, as a function of the relative phase between the signal, idler, and pump, all other parameters remaining fixed. The use of a fiber with a high stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold permits us to investigate the full range of phase-sensitive gain and noise figure without pump dithering. Good agreement is found with theory, both for signal only and combined signal and idler direct detections.
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A scheme for detecting the phase of an incoming optical signal is systematically optimized and demonstrated experimentally. It makes use of four-wave mixing in a highly nonlinear fiber but differs from a phase-sensitive amplifier by its focus on phase detection, rather than on phase-dependent noise reduction. This experimental setup combines the signal with its phase-conjugated idler at the same frequency, before sending the combination to a photodetector. Experimental results show that the ratio of maximum and minimum currents can exceed 1000 even at a relatively low pump power of 10 mW. The proposed scheme may be useful for detecting the signal phase in coherent communication systems without the need of heterodyne detection.
Semi-classical noise characteristics are derived for the cascade of a non-degenerate phase-insensitive (PI) and a phase-sensitive (PS) fiber optical parametric amplifier (FOPA). The analysis is proved to be consistent with the quantum theory under the large-photon number assumption. Based on this, we show that the noise figure (NF) of the PS-FOPA at the second stage can be obtained via relative-intensity-noise (RIN) subtraction method after averaging the signal and idler NFs. Negative signal and idler NFs are measured, and <2 dB NF at >16 dB PS gain is estimated when considering the combined signal and idler input, which is believed to be the lowest measured NF of a non-degenerate PS amplifier to this date. The limitation of the RIN subtraction method attributed to pump transferred noise and Raman phonon induced noise is also discussed.
We experimentally demonstrate, for the first time to our knowledge, a phase-sensitive amplifier based on frequency nondegenerate parametric amplification in optical fiber, where the input signal-idler pair is prepared all-optically. Using two fiber-optic parametric amplifier sections separated by a fiber-based wavelength-dependent phase shifter, we observe and investigate phase-sensitive gain profile in the 1550 nm region both experimentally and theoretically. The realized scheme automatically generates gain-defining phase that is environmentally stable, making it advantageous for building phase-sensitive transmission links.
Optical phase-sensitive amplifiers (PSAs) leverage nonlinear interactions to achieve noise figures below the conventional quantum limit. Dual-pump phase-insensitive amplification has been studied in wavelength conversion, phase conjugation and spectral inversion, but phase-sensitive amplification remains challenging due to stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in optical fibers. While pump-phase modulation helps mitigate SBS, it broadens the idler spectrum, complicating practical implementation. We demonstrate a counter-phase pump modulation approach to suppress idler spectral broadening using optical coherent combining and delayed self-heterodyne techniques to achieve excellent noise figure (NF) performance in dual-pump PSAs. Our methods achieve over 30 dB suppression of residual phase modulation tones and significantly improve the idler spectrum. We obtained a 20 dB gain with an NF of 1.45 dB and a minimal NF penalty of 0.2 dB due to pump-phase modulation. This achievement enables PSAs to support optical communication, wavelength conversion, and deep-space communication applications.