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arXiv:1811.03428

One flight over the quantum chromodynamics. Part Two: Quantum Mechanics

Zurab K. Silagadze

Published Nov 8, 2018• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

This is the second of a series of popular lectures on quantum chromodynamics. The first (introductory) lecture can be found here: https://scfh.ru/blogs/O_fizike_i_fizikah/polet-nad-kvantovoy-khromodinamikoy/ The lecture deals with the one of the main pillars of quantum chromodynamics --- quantum mechanics . Non-physicists usually consider quantum mechanics as an extremely weird subject far from the everyday common sense. Partly this is true. However we will try to argue in this lecture that in its essence quantum mechanics is, in a some sense, even more natural than classical mechanics, and it is not so far from the common sense as a layman usually assumes.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1811.03428

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This is the second of a series of popular lectures on quantum chromodynamics. The first (introductory) lecture can be found here: https://scfh.ru/blogs/O_fizike_i_fizikah/polet-nad-kvantovoy-khromodinamikoy/ The lecture deals with the one of the main pillars of quantum chromodynamics --- quantum mechanics . Non-physicists usually consider quantum mechanics as an extremely weird subject far from the everyday common sense. Partly this is true. However we will try to argue in this lecture that in its essence quantum mechanics is, in a some sense, even more natural than classical mechanics, and it is not so far from the common sense as a layman usually assumes.
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The present book takes the discovery that quantum-like behaviour is not solely reserved to atomic particles one step further. If electrons are modelled as vibrating droplets instead of the usually assumed point objects, and if the classical laws of nature are applied, then exactly the same behaviour as in quantum theory is found, quantitatively correct! The world of atoms is strange and quantum mechanics, the theory of this world, is almost magic. Or is it? Tiny droplets of oil bouncing round on a fluid surface can also mimic the world of quantum mechanics. For the layman - for whom the main part of this book is written - this is good news. If the everyday laws of nature can conspire to show up quantum-like phenomena, there is hope to form mental pictures how the atomic world works. The book is almost formula-free, and explains everything by using many sketches and diagrams. The mathematical derivations underlying the main text are kept separate in a -peer reviewed - appendix. The author, a retired professor of Flight Mechanics and Propulsion at the Delft University of Technology, chose to publish his findings in this mixed popular and scientific form, because he found that interested laymen more often than professional physicists feel the need to form visualisations of quantum phenomena.
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Introduction Chapter 1 dealt with one of the deepest mysteries in modern science: how to explain consciousness. This Part deals with another mystery: how to make sense of quantum mechanics. Both involve a problem of reconciliation with the classical worldview, which is one hint that the two mysteries might be related. A second is that, unlike classical physics, which makes no reference to or allowance for consciousness, quantum theory raises the issue of consciousness and its relationship to the physical world in a very direct way. These hints do not necessarily mean there is a connection between the two mysteries, but by the end of this Part I hope to have shown why it would be natural to look for one. My more immediate aim here is to give the social scientific reader an introductory understanding of the experimental findings of quantum theory, its key concepts, and the debates about its interpretation. The discussion assumes no prior knowledge of quantum physics and makes no use of mathematics. Quantum theory without equations might seem like an oxymoron, and certainly reading this Part will not enable anyone to use quantum theory. But to a perhaps surprising degree it is possible to understand quantum theory without being able to use it. Its findings can be communicated in ordinary language, and the same goes for its main concepts and interpretive debates. One consequence of this has been the emergence of a virtual cottage industry of books on quantum theory for a lay audience. Most are written by physicists, and many are quite good. However, it is not just popular treatments that do without equations: much of the professional philosophical literature does as well. (I draw on both kinds of literature below.) Philosophers of physics are trained to understand the math, of course, which is necessary for a full appreciation of the issues.