We compute the entanglement entropy in a composite system separated by a finitely ramified boundary with the structure of a self-similar lattice graph. We derive the entropy as a function of the decimation factor which determines the spectral dimension, the latter being generically different from the topological dimension. For large decimations, the graph becomes increasingly dense, yielding a gain in the entanglement entropy which, in the asymptotically smooth limit, approaches a constant value. Conversely, a small decimation factor decreases the entanglement entropy due to a large number of spectral gaps which regulate the amount of information crossing the boundary. In line with earlier studies, we also comment on similarities with certain holographic formulations. Finally, we calculate the higher order corrections in the entanglement entropy which possess a log-periodic oscillatory behavior.
We use the heat kernel method to calculate the entanglement entropy for a given entangling region on a fractal. The leading divergent term of the entropy is obtained as a function of the fractal dimension as well as the walk dimension. The power of the UV cutoff parameter is (generally) a fractional number, which, indeed, is a certain combination of these two indices. This exponent is known as the spectral dimension. We show that there is a novel log-periodic oscillatory behavior in the expression of entropy which has root in the complex dimension of the fractal. We finally indicate that the holographic calculation in a certain hyperscaling-violating bulk geometry yields the same leading term for the entanglement entropy, if one identifies the effective dimension of the hyperscaling-violating theory with the spectral dimension of the fractal. We provide additional support by comparing the behavior of the thermal entropy in terms of the temperature, computed for two geometries, the fractal geometry and the hyperscaling-violating background.
Abstract We compute the topological entanglement entropy for a large set of lattice models in d-dimensions. It is well known that many such quantum systems can be constructed out of lattice gauge models. For dimensionality higher than two, there are generalizations going beyond gauge theories, which are called higher gauge theories and rely on higher-order generalizations of groups. Our main concern is a large class of d-dimensional quantum systems derived from Abelian higher gauge theories. In this paper, we derive a general formula for the bipartition entanglement entropy for this class of models, and from it we extract both the area law and the sub-leading terms, which explicitly depend on the topology of the entangling surface. We show that the entanglement entropy SA in a sub-region A is proportional to log
(GSDA~) GSD A ˜ , where
GSDA~ GSD A ˜ is the ground state degeneracy of a particular restriction of the full model to A. The quantity
GSDA~ GSD A ˜ can be further divided into a contribution that scales with the size of the boundary ∂A and a term which depends on the topology of ∂A. There is also a topological contribution coming from A itself, that may be non-zero when A has a non-trivial homology. We present some examples and discuss how the topology of A affects the topological entropy. Our formalism allows us to do most of the calculation for arbitrary dimension d. The result is in agreement with entanglement calculations for known topological models.
It is generally believed that in spatial dimension
d>1, the leading contribution to the entanglement entropy $S=\ensuremath{-}\text{tr}\text{ }{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{A}\text{ }\text{log}\text{ }{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{A}$ scales as the area of the boundary of subsystem
A. The coefficient of this ``area law'' is nonuniversal. However, in the neighborhood of a quantum critical point
S is believed to possess subleading universal corrections. In the present work, we study the entanglement entropy in the quantum
O(N) model in
1<d<3. We use an expansion in $ϵ=3\ensuremath{-}d$ to evaluate (i) the universal geometric correction to
S for an infinite cylinder divided along a circular boundary; (ii) the universal correction to
S due to a finite correlation length. Both corrections are different at the Wilson-Fisher and Gaussian fixed points, and the $ϵ\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$ limit of the Wilson-Fisher fixed point is distinct from the Gaussian fixed point. In addition, we compute the correlation length correction to the Renyi entropy ${S}_{n}=\frac{1}{1\ensuremath{-}n}\text{log}\text{ }\text{tr}\text{ }{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{A}^{n}$ in
ϵ and large-
N expansions. For $N\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}$, this correction generally scales as
N2 rather than the naively expected
N. Moreover, the Renyi entropy has a phase transition as a function of
n for
d close to 3.
Abstract We study bulk entanglement entropy in even spacetime dimensions using the heat kernel method, which captures the universal piece of entanglement entropy, a logarithmically divergent term in even dimensions. In four dimensions, we perform explicit calculations for various shapes of boundary subregions. In particular, for a cusp subregion with an arbitrary opening angle, we find that the bulk entanglement entropy always encodes the same universal information about the boundary theories as the leading entanglement entropy in the large N limit, up to a fixed proportional constant. By smoothly deforming a circle in the boundary, we find that to leading order of the deformations, the bulk entanglement entropy shares the same shape dependence as the leading entanglement entropy and hence the same physical information can be extracted from both cases. This establishes an interesting local/nonlocal relation for holographic
CFT3 CFT 3 . However, the result does not hold for higher dimensional holographic theories.
We compute topological entanglement entropy for a large set of lattice models in d-dimensions.It is well known that many such quantum systems can be constructed out of lattice gauge models.For dimensionality higher than 2 there are generalizations going beyond gauge theories.They are called higher gauge theories and rely on higher-order generalizations of groups.Our main concern is a large class of d-dimensional quantum systems derived from Abelian higher gauge theories.In this work, we calculate the bipartition entanglement entropy for this class of models.Our formalism allows us to do most of the calculation for arbitrary dimension d.We show that the entanglement entropy S A in a sub-region A is proportional to log(GSD Ã), where GSD Ã is the ground state degeneracy of a particular restriction of the full model to A. When A has the topology of a d-dimensional ball, the GSD Ã counts the number of edge states.In this case, S A scales with the area of the (d -1)-dimensional boundary of A. The precise formula for the entropy we obtain is in agreement with entanglement calculations for known topological models.
We present a number of explicit calculations of Renyi and entanglement entropies in situations where the entangling surface intersects the boundary of d -dimensional Minkowski spacetime. When the boundary is a single plane we compute the contribution to the entropy due to this intersection, first in the case of the Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions, and then in the case of a generic Robin type boundary condition. The flow in the boundary coupling between the Neumann and Dirichlet phases is analyzed in arbitrary dimension d and is shown to be monotonic, the peculiarity of d = 3 case is noted. We argue that the translational symmetry along the entangling surface is broken due the presence of the boundary which reveals that the entanglement is not homogeneous. In order to characterize this quantitatively, we introduce a density of entanglement entropy and compute it explicitly. This quantity clearly indicates that the entanglement is maximal near the boundary. We then consider the situation where the boundary is composed of two parallel planes at a finite separation and compute the entanglement entropy as well as its density in this case. The complete contribution to entanglement entropy due to the boundaries is shown not to depend on the distance between the planes and is simply twice the entropy in the case of single plane boundary. Additionally, we find how the area law, the part in the entropy proportional to the area of entire entangling surface, depends on the size of the separation between the two boundaries. The latter is shown to appear in the UV finite part of the entropy.