Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1806.02678 · New Journal of Physics

Universality of miscible–immiscible phase separation dynamics in two-component Bose–Einstein condensates

Xunda Jiang, Shuyuan Wu, Qinzhou Ye, Chaohong Lee

Published Jan 23, 2019• 16 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We investigate the non-equilibrium dynamics across the miscible–immiscible phase separation in a binary mixture of Bose–Einstein condensates. The excitation spectra reveal that the Landau critical velocity vanishes at the critical point, where the superfluidity spontaneously breaks down. We analytically extract the dynamical critical exponent z = 2 and static correlation length critical exponent v = 1/2 from the Landau critical velocity. Moreover, by simulating the real-time dynamics across the critical point, we find the average domain number and the average bifurcation delay show universal scaling laws with respect to the quench time. We then numerically extract the static correlation length critical exponent v = 1/2 and the dynamical critical exponent z = 2 according to Kibble–Zurek mechanism. The scaling exponents ( v = 1/2, z = 2) in the phase separation driven by quenching the atom–atom interaction are different from the ones ( v = 1/2, z = 1) in the phase separation driven by quenching the Rabi coupling strength (2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 070401; 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 230402). Our study explores the connections between the spontaneous superfluidity breakdown and the spontaneous defect formation in the phase separation dynamics.

DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/ab00bf

Related papers

Domain formation and universally critical dynamics through phase separation in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

Yikai Ji, Xizhou Qin, Bin Liu +4 more

We explore the defect formation and universally critical dynamics in two-dimensional (2D) two-component Bose-Einstein condensates(BECs) subjected to two types of potential traps: a homogeneous trap and a harmonic trap.We focus on the non-equilibrium universal dynamics of the miscible-immiscible phase transition with both linear and nonlinear quenching types.Although there exists spatial independence of the critical point, we find that the inhomogeneity of trap doesn't affect the phase transition of system and the critical exponents can still be explained by the homogeneous Kibble-Zurek mechanism. By analyzing the Bogoliubov excitations, we establish a power-law relationship between the domain correlation length, the phase transition delay, and the quench time.Furthermore, through real-time simulations of phase transition dynamics, the formation of domain defects and the delay of phase transition in non-equilibrium dynamics are demonstrated, along with the corresponding universal scaling of correlation length and phase transition delay for various quench time and quench coefficients, which align well with our analytical predictions.Our study confirms that the universality class of two-component BECs remains unaffected by dimensionality, while the larger nonlinear coefficients effectively suppress non-adiabatic excitations, offering a novel perspective for addressing adiabatic evolution.

arXiv:2311.07959•Nov 14, 2023•0 citations

Critical Dynamics in an Array of Coupled Binary Bose-Einstein Condensates

Jun Xu, Shuyuan Wu, Xizhou Qin +4 more

Universal dynamics of spontaneous symmetry breaking is central to understanding the universal behavior of spontaneous defect formation in various system from the early universe, condensed-matter systems to ultracold atomic systems. We explore the universal real-time dynamics in an array of coupled binary atomic Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices, which undergo a spontaneous symmetry breaking from the symmetric Rabi oscillation to the broken-symmetry self-trapping. In addition to Goldstone modes, there exist gapped Higgs mode whose excitation gap vanishes at the critical point. In the slow passage through the critical point, we analytically find that the symmetry-breaking dynamics obeys the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. From the scalings of bifurcation delay and domain formation, we numerically extract two Kibble-Zurek exponents $b_{1}=\nu/(1+\nu z)$ and $b_{2}=1/(1+\nu z)$, which give the static correlation-length critical exponent $\nu$ and the dynamic critical exponent $z$. Our approach provides an efficient way to simultaneous determination of the critical exponents $\nu$ and $z$ for a continuous phase transition.

•Oct 1, 2015•0 citations

Kibble-Zurek dynamics in an array of coupled binary Bose condensates

Jun Xu, Shuyuan Wu, Xizhou Qin +4 more

Universal dynamics of spontaneous symmetry breaking is central to understanding the universal behavior of spontaneous defect formation in various systems from the early universe, condensed-matter systems to ultracold atomic systems. We explore the universal real-time dynamics in an array of coupled binary atomic Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices, which undergo a spontaneous symmetry breaking from the symmetric Rabi oscillation to the broken-symmetry self-trapping. In addition to Goldstone modes, there exist gapped Higgs modes whose excitation gap vanishes at the critical point. In the slow passage through the critical point, we analytically find that the symmetry-breaking dynamics obeys the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. From the scalings of bifurcation delay and domain formation, we numerically extract two Kibble-Zurek exponents, b 1 = ν / ( 1 + ν z ) and b 2 = 1 / ( 1 + ν z ) , which give the static correlation-length critical exponent ν and the dynamic critical exponent z . Our approach provides an efficient way for the simultaneous determination of the critical exponents ν and z for a continuous phase transition.

arXiv:1510.00138•Europhysics Letters (EPL)•Mar 1, 2016•11 citations

Domain formation and universally critical dynamics through phase separation in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

Xunda Jiang, Yikai Ji, Xizhou Qin +4 more

We investigate defect formation and the universal critical dynamics of two-dimensional two-component Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) confined in both box and harmonic traps. Our focus is on the nonequilibrium universal dynamics of the miscible-immiscible phase transition, considering both linear and nonlinear quenching protocols. The general condition for a phase transition, ${g}_{11}{g}_{22}={g}_{12}^{2}$, depends exclusively on inter- and intraspecies interactions. In this system, simultaneous phase transitions occur in both the box and harmonic traps. Consequently, the nonequilibrium critical dynamics can still be described using the homogeneous Kibble-Zurek mechanism. Through an analysis of Bogoliubov excitations, we establish a power-law relationship linking the domain correlation length, phase transition delay, and quench time. Additionally, real-time simulations of phase transition dynamics demonstrate the formation of domain defects and the delay of phase transitions in nonequilibrium conditions. These simulations also reveal the universal scaling of the correlation length and phase transition delay across various quench times and nonlinear coefficients, showing well agreement with our analytical predictions. Our study confirms that the universality class of two-component BECs is independent of dimensionality. Additionally, larger nonlinear coefficients effectively suppress the growth of nonadiabatic excitations, offering a fresh perspective on achieving quasiadiabatic evolution.

Physical Review A•Dec 16, 2024•0 citations

Universal dynamics of zero-momentum to plane-wave transition in spin–orbit coupled Bose–Einstein condensates

Qinzhou Ye, Shuyuan Wu, Xunda Jiang +1 more

Abstract We investigate the universal spatiotemporal dynamics in spin–orbit coupled Bose–Einstein condensates which are driven from the zero-momentum phase to the plane-wave phase. The excitation spectrum reveals that, at the critical point, the Landau critical velocity vanishes and the correlation length diverges. Therefore, according to the Kibble–Zurek mechanism, spatial domains will spontaneously appear in such a quench through the critical point. By simulating the real-time dynamics, we numerically extract the static correlation length critical exponent and the dynamic critical exponent z from the scalings of the temporal bifurcation delay and the spatial domain number. The numerical scalings consist well with the analytical ones obtained by analyzing the excitation spectrum.

arXiv:1803.04768•Journal of Statistical Mechanics Theory and Experiment•May 1, 2018•6 citations

Coarsening Dynamics of Binary Bose Condensates

Johannes Hofmann, Stefan S. Natu, S. Das Sarma

We study the dynamics of domain formation and coarsening in a binary Bose-Einstein condensate that is quenched across a miscible-immiscible phase transition. The late-time evolution of the system is universal and governed by scaling laws for the correlation functions. We numerically determine the scaling forms and extract the critical exponents that describe the growth rate of domain size and autocorrelations. Our data are consistent with inviscid hydrodynamic domain growth, which is governed by a universal dynamical critical exponent of 1/z=0.68(2). In addition, we analyze the effect of domain wall configurations which introduce a nonanalytic term in the short-distance structure of the pair correlation function, leading to a high-momentum "Porod" tail in the static structure factor, which can be measured experimentally.

arXiv:1403.1284•Physical Review Letters•Aug 27, 2014•80 citations
We investigate the non-equilibrium dynamics across the miscible–immiscible phase separation in a binary mixture of Bose–Einstein condensates. The excitation spectra reveal that the Landau critical velocity vanishes at the critical point, where the superfluidity spontaneously breaks down. We analytically extract the dynamical critical exponent z = 2 and static correlation length critical exponent v = 1/2 from the Landau critical velocity. Moreover, by simulating the real-time dynamics across the critical point, we find the average domain number and the average bifurcation delay show universal scaling laws with respect to the quench time. We then numerically extract the static correlation length critical exponent v = 1/2 and the dynamical critical exponent z = 2 according to Kibble–Zurek mechanism. The scaling exponents ( v = 1/2, z = 2) in the phase separation driven by quenching the atom–atom interaction are different from the ones ( v = 1/2, z = 1) in the phase separation driven by quenching the Rabi coupling strength (2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 070401; 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 230402). Our study explores the connections between the spontaneous superfluidity breakdown and the spontaneous defect formation in the phase separation dynamics.
We explore the defect formation and universally critical dynamics in two-dimensional (2D) two-component Bose-Einstein condensates(BECs) subjected to two types of potential traps: a homogeneous trap and a harmonic trap.We focus on the non-equilibrium universal dynamics of the miscible-immiscible phase transition with both linear and nonlinear quenching types.Although there exists spatial independence of the critical point, we find that the inhomogeneity of trap doesn't affect the phase transition of system and the critical exponents can still be explained by the homogeneous Kibble-Zurek mechanism. By analyzing the Bogoliubov excitations, we establish a power-law relationship between the domain correlation length, the phase transition delay, and the quench time.Furthermore, through real-time simulations of phase transition dynamics, the formation of domain defects and the delay of phase transition in non-equilibrium dynamics are demonstrated, along with the corresponding universal scaling of correlation length and phase transition delay for various quench time and quench coefficients, which align well with our analytical predictions.Our study confirms that the universality class of two-component BECs remains unaffected by dimensionality, while the larger nonlinear coefficients effectively suppress non-adiabatic excitations, offering a novel perspective for addressing adiabatic evolution.
Universal dynamics of spontaneous symmetry breaking is central to understanding the universal behavior of spontaneous defect formation in various system from the early universe, condensed-matter systems to ultracold atomic systems. We explore the universal real-time dynamics in an array of coupled binary atomic Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices, which undergo a spontaneous symmetry breaking from the symmetric Rabi oscillation to the broken-symmetry self-trapping. In addition to Goldstone modes, there exist gapped Higgs mode whose excitation gap vanishes at the critical point. In the slow passage through the critical point, we analytically find that the symmetry-breaking dynamics obeys the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. From the scalings of bifurcation delay and domain formation, we numerically extract two Kibble-Zurek exponents b1=ν/(1+νz)b_{1}=\nu/(1+\nu z)b1​=ν/(1+νz) and b2=1/(1+νz)b_{2}=1/(1+\nu z)b2​=1/(1+νz), which give the static correlation-length critical exponent ν\nuν and the dynamic critical exponent zzz. Our approach provides an efficient way to simultaneous determination of the critical exponents ν\nuν and zzz for a continuous phase transition.
Universal dynamics of spontaneous symmetry breaking is central to understanding the universal behavior of spontaneous defect formation in various systems from the early universe, condensed-matter systems to ultracold atomic systems. We explore the universal real-time dynamics in an array of coupled binary atomic Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices, which undergo a spontaneous symmetry breaking from the symmetric Rabi oscillation to the broken-symmetry self-trapping. In addition to Goldstone modes, there exist gapped Higgs modes whose excitation gap vanishes at the critical point. In the slow passage through the critical point, we analytically find that the symmetry-breaking dynamics obeys the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. From the scalings of bifurcation delay and domain formation, we numerically extract two Kibble-Zurek exponents, b 1 = ν / ( 1 + ν z ) and b 2 = 1 / ( 1 + ν z ) , which give the static correlation-length critical exponent ν and the dynamic critical exponent z . Our approach provides an efficient way for the simultaneous determination of the critical exponents ν and z for a continuous phase transition.
We investigate defect formation and the universal critical dynamics of two-dimensional two-component Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) confined in both box and harmonic traps. Our focus is on the nonequilibrium universal dynamics of the miscible-immiscible phase transition, considering both linear and nonlinear quenching protocols. The general condition for a phase transition, g11g22=g122{g}_{11}{g}_{22}={g}_{12}^{2}g11​g22​=g122​, depends exclusively on inter- and intraspecies interactions. In this system, simultaneous phase transitions occur in both the box and harmonic traps. Consequently, the nonequilibrium critical dynamics can still be described using the homogeneous Kibble-Zurek mechanism. Through an analysis of Bogoliubov excitations, we establish a power-law relationship linking the domain correlation length, phase transition delay, and quench time. Additionally, real-time simulations of phase transition dynamics demonstrate the formation of domain defects and the delay of phase transitions in nonequilibrium conditions. These simulations also reveal the universal scaling of the correlation length and phase transition delay across various quench times and nonlinear coefficients, showing well agreement with our analytical predictions. Our study confirms that the universality class of two-component BECs is independent of dimensionality. Additionally, larger nonlinear coefficients effectively suppress the growth of nonadiabatic excitations, offering a fresh perspective on achieving quasiadiabatic evolution.
Abstract We investigate the universal spatiotemporal dynamics in spin–orbit coupled Bose–Einstein condensates which are driven from the zero-momentum phase to the plane-wave phase. The excitation spectrum reveals that, at the critical point, the Landau critical velocity vanishes and the correlation length diverges. Therefore, according to the Kibble–Zurek mechanism, spatial domains will spontaneously appear in such a quench through the critical point. By simulating the real-time dynamics, we numerically extract the static correlation length critical exponent and the dynamic critical exponent z from the scalings of the temporal bifurcation delay and the spatial domain number. The numerical scalings consist well with the analytical ones obtained by analyzing the excitation spectrum.
We study the dynamics of domain formation and coarsening in a binary Bose-Einstein condensate that is quenched across a miscible-immiscible phase transition. The late-time evolution of the system is universal and governed by scaling laws for the correlation functions. We numerically determine the scaling forms and extract the critical exponents that describe the growth rate of domain size and autocorrelations. Our data are consistent with inviscid hydrodynamic domain growth, which is governed by a universal dynamical critical exponent of 1/z=0.68(2). In addition, we analyze the effect of domain wall configurations which introduce a nonanalytic term in the short-distance structure of the pair correlation function, leading to a high-momentum "Porod" tail in the static structure factor, which can be measured experimentally.