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arXiv:1804.09249 · Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Optomechanical entanglement of remote microwave cavities

Samuel R. Hedemann, B. D. Clader

Published Sep 19, 2018• 9 citations
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Abstract

We examine the entanglement properties of a system that represents two driven microwave cavities, each optomechanically coupled to two separate driven optical cavities, which are connected by a single-mode optical fiber. The results suggest that it may be possible to achieve near-maximal entanglement of the microwave cavities, thus allowing a teleportation scheme to enable interactions for hybrid quantum computing of superconducting qubits with optical interconnects.

DOI
10.1364/josab.35.002509

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We examine the entanglement properties of a system that represents two driven microwave cavities, each optomechanically coupled to two separate driven optical cavities, which are connected by a single-mode optical fiber. The results suggest that it may be possible to achieve near-maximal entanglement of the microwave cavities, thus allowing a teleportation scheme to enable interactions for hybrid quantum computing of superconducting qubits with optical interconnects.
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We describe an adiabatic state-transfer mechanism that allows for high-fidelity transfer of a microwave quantum state from one cavity to another through an optical fiber. The conversion from microwave frequency to optical frequency is enabled by an optomechanical transducer. The transfer process utilizes a combined dark state of the mechanical oscillator and fiber modes, making it robust against both mechanical and fiber loss. We anticipate this scheme being an enabling component of a hybrid quantum computing architecture consisting of superconducting qubits with optical interconnects.
The generation and manipulation of highly pure and strongly entangled steady state in a quantum system are vital tasks in the standard continuous-variable teleportation protocol. Especially, the manipulation implemented in integrated devices is even more crucial in practical quantum information applications. Here we propose an effective approach for creating steady-state entanglement between two microwave fields in a four-mode hybrid cavity optomechanical system. The entanglement can be achieved by combining the processes of three beam-splitter interactions and two parametric-amplifier interactions. Due to the dissipation-driven and cavity cooling processes, the entanglement obtained can go far beyond the entanglement limit based on coherent parametric coupling. Moreover, our proposal allows the engineered bath to cool both Bogoliubov modes almost simultaneously. In this way, a highly pure and strongly entangled steady state of two microwave modes is obtained. Our finding may be significant for using the hybrid opto-electro-mechanical system fabricated on chips in various quantum tasks, where the strong and pure entanglement is an important resource.
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Superconducting quantum circuits are a leading hardware candidate for realizing a large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computer. However, scaling superconducting quantum computers will soon approach the physical limits imposed by their cryogenic operating environments. Consequently, interconnects between multiple processor modules will become increasingly necessary for scaling quantum computers. Optical fiber is a particularly promising candidate for these interconnects due to its low loss and negligible thermal noise at room temperature. However, interfacing microwave-frequency superconducting circuits with optical fibers presents several challenges. In this thesis, we present a modular architecture which addresses many of the current challenges in building this interface. We develop an optomechanical quantum transducer which is capable of generating microwave- and optical-frequency photons in pairs, and demonstrate quantum entanglement between these microwave-optical photon pairs. Further, we develop a superconducting qubit module optimized for efficient absorption of itinerant microwave photons, and demonstrate a high-efficiency photon catch protocol. Finally, we connect the superconducting qubit module to the transducer module via a superconducting microwave cable. We drive the microwave-optical photon pair generation process in the transducer module and employ the photon catch protocol in the qubit module to facilitate state transfer between the qubit and the flying microwave photon from the transducer. We observe correlations between the final qubit state and the detection of an optical photon, demonstrating a crucial step toward establishing quantum entanglement between superconducting qubits and light. We discuss ongoing progress and challenges in realizing hybrid entanglement and in extending this approach to entangle remote superconducting qubits over optical networks.