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arXiv:1803.02048 · Scientific Reports

Spatially dependent atom-photon entanglement

Zahra Amini Sabegh, Rahim Amiri, Mohammad Mahmoudi

Published Sep 10, 2018• 21 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The atom-photon entanglement using the Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams is studied in the closed-loop three-level V-type quantum systems. We consider two schemes with near-degenerate and non-degenerate upper levels: in the first, the effect of the quantum interference due to the spontaneous emission is taken into account and in the second, a microwave plane wave is applied to the upper levels transition. It is shown that the atom-photon entanglement in both schemes depends on the intensity profile as well as the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the applied fields so that the various spatially dependent entanglement patterns can be generated by Laguerre-Gaussian beams with different OAMs. However, due to the zero intensity,no entanglement appears in the center of the optical vortex beams. As a result, the entanglement between dressed atom and its spontaneous emissions in different points of the atomic vapor cell can be controlled by the OAM of the applied fields. Moreover, our numerical results show that the number of the local maximum degree of entanglement (DEM) peaks depends on the OAM of the applied fields. The degrees of freedom for OAM play a crucial role in spatially dependent atom-photon entanglement in such a way that it may possess broad applications in high-dimensional quantum information processing and data storage.

DOI
10.1038/s41598-018-32051-8

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The atom-photon entanglement using the Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams is studied in the closed-loop three-level V-type quantum systems. We consider two schemes with near-degenerate and non-degenerate upper levels: in the first, the effect of the quantum interference due to the spontaneous emission is taken into account and in the second, a microwave plane wave is applied to the upper levels transition. It is shown that the atom-photon entanglement in both schemes depends on the intensity profile as well as the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the applied fields so that the various spatially dependent entanglement patterns can be generated by Laguerre-Gaussian beams with different OAMs. However, due to the zero intensity,no entanglement appears in the center of the optical vortex beams. As a result, the entanglement between dressed atom and its spontaneous emissions in different points of the atomic vapor cell can be controlled by the OAM of the applied fields. Moreover, our numerical results show that the number of the local maximum degree of entanglement (DEM) peaks depends on the OAM of the applied fields. The degrees of freedom for OAM play a crucial role in spatially dependent atom-photon entanglement in such a way that it may possess broad applications in high-dimensional quantum information processing and data storage.
Utilizing the vortex beams, we investigate the entanglement between the triple-quantum dot molecule and its spontaneous emission field. We present the spatially dependent quantum dot-photon entanglement created by Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) fields. The degree of position-dependent entanglement (DEM) is controlled by the angular momentum of the LG light and the quantum tunneling effect created by the gate voltage. Various spatial-dependent entanglement distribution is reached just by the magnitude and the sign of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the optical vortex beam.
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We study the orbital angular momentum (OAM) transfer from a weak Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) field to a weak plane wave in two closed-loop three-level V-type atomic systems. In the first scheme, the atomic system has two non-degenerate upper levels where the corresponding transition is excited by a microwave plane wave. It is analytically shown that the microwave field induces an OAM transfer from an LG field to a generated third field. It is demonstrated that the efficiency of the OAM transfer decreases when the thermal velocity distribution of atoms is considered. In the second scheme, we consider a three-level V-type atomic system with two near-degenerate excited states and study the effect of the quantum interference due to the spontaneous emission on the OAM transfer. It is found that spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) induces the OAM transfer from the LG field to the weak planar field, and the OAM transfer does not occur in the absence of the SGC. The suggested models offer a rather simple method for the OAM transfer that can be used in quantum information processing and data storage.
In this paper, we proposed a new model controlling the quantum entropy in a four-level quantum system via optical vortex structure light. The four-wave mixing (FWM) processes in the medium cause it to become phase-dependent. Therefore, the degree of entanglement (DEM) can be controlled via relative phase between applied lights when the deriving light becomes plane wave. However, for optical vortex of the deriving light, the spatial control of the DEM is possible via orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light. Our findings may have potential applications in the OAM-dependent devices in quantum information science.
We propose a scheme aimed at achieving spatiospectral control over spontaneous emission within a four-level atom-light coupling system interacting with optical vortices carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM). The atom comprises a ground level and two excited states coupled with two laser fields, forming a V subsystem where the upper states exclusively decay to a common fourth state via two channels. By investigating various initial states of the atom and considering the presence or absence of quantum interference in spontaneous emission channels, we analyze how the characteristics of the OAM-carrying vortex beam imprint onto the emission spectrum. The interplay between the optical vortex and the quantum system, including its environment modes, induces a wide variety of spatiospectral behavior, including two-dimensional spectral-peak narrowing, spectral-peak enhancement, spectral-peak suppression, and spontaneous emission reduction or quenching in the spatial azimuthal plane. Our findings shed light on the dynamics of atom--vortex-beam light interactions and offer insights into the manipulation of emission properties at the quantum level.
We have generated a new quantum state of light composed of quadrature entangled Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes. For the generation we used an OPO operating in a new regime where all field parameters are degenerate except for its spatial degree of freedom for which it is two-fold degenerate. The entanglement is manifested in the squeezing of the rotated modes in the Hermite-Gauss (HG) basis, measured with a specially tailored local oscillator. The most promising application of CV orbital angular momentum (OAM) states is their compatibility with atoms, thus allowing for storage of CV quantum information.