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arXiv:1803.01641

Generation of multiphoton entangled quantum states with a single silicon nanowire

Ming Zhang, Lan‐Tian Feng, Zhiyuan Zhou, Chen Yang, Hao Wu, Ming Li, Guo‐Ping Guo, Guang‐Can Guo, Daoxin Dai A, Xi‐Feng Ren

Published Mar 5, 2018• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Multiphoton entanglement plays a critical role in quantum information processing, and greatly improves our fundamental understanding of the quantum world. Despite tremendous efforts in either bulk media or fiber-based devices, nonlinear interactions in integrated circuits show great promise as an excellent platform for photon pair generation with its high brightness, stability and scalability \cite{Caspani2017}. Here, we demonstrate the generation of bi- and multiphoton polarization entangled qubits in a single silicon nanowire waveguide, and these qubits directly compatible with the dense wavelength division multiplexing in telecommunication system. Multiphoton interference and quantum state tomography were used to characterize the quality of the entangled states. Four-photon entanglement states among two frequency channels were ascertained with a fidelity of $0.78\pm0.02$. Our work realizes the integrated multiphoton source in a relatively simple pattern and paves a way for the revolution of multiphoton quantum science.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1803.01641

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Multiphoton entanglement plays a critical role in quantum information processing, and greatly improves our fundamental understanding of the quantum world. Despite tremendous efforts in either bulk media or fiber-based devices, nonlinear interactions in integrated circuits show great promise as an excellent platform for photon pair generation with its high brightness, stability and scalability \cite{Caspani2017}. Here, we demonstrate the generation of bi- and multiphoton polarization entangled qubits in a single silicon nanowire waveguide, and these qubits directly compatible with the dense wavelength division multiplexing in telecommunication system. Multiphoton interference and quantum state tomography were used to characterize the quality of the entangled states. Four-photon entanglement states among two frequency channels were ascertained with a fidelity of 0.78±0.020.78\pm0.020.78±0.02. Our work realizes the integrated multiphoton source in a relatively simple pattern and paves a way for the revolution of multiphoton quantum science.
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Abstract Integrated photonics is becoming an ideal platform for generating two-photon entangled states with high brightness, high stability, and scalability. This high brightness and high quality of photon pair sources encourages researchers further to study and manipulate multiphoton entangled states. Here, we experimentally demonstrate frequency-degenerate four-photon entangled state generation based on a single silicon nanowire 1 cm in length. The polarization encoded entangled states are generated with the help of a Sagnac loop using additional optical elements. The states are analyzed using quantum interference and state tomography techniques. As an example, we show that the generated quantum states can be used to achieve phase super-resolution. Our work provides a method for preparing indistinguishable multi-photon entangled states and realizing quantum algorithms in a compact on-chip setting.
The silicon-on-insulator waveguide is one of the most promising platforms for scalable quantum information processing. The authors present multiplexed energy-time, time-bin, and polarization-entanglement photon sources from a single silicon nanowire on a chip. These sources offer high brightness and high entanglement quality across more than 10 correlated channels, and are fully compatible with dense-wave-division multiplexing (DWDM). They could be used for quantum key distribution, teleportation, entanglement swapping, and many other applications in quantum communication and computation.
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Optical communication systems are able to send the information from one user to another in light beams that travel through the free space or optical fibers, therefore how to send larger amounts of information in smaller periods of time is a long term concern, one promising way is to use multiplexing of photon's different degrees of freedoms to parallel handle the large amounts of information in multiple channels independently. In this work, by combining the wavelength and time division multiplexing technologies, we prepare a multifrequency mode time bin entangled photon pair source at different time slots by using four wave mixing in a silicon nanowire waveguide, and distribute entangled photons into 3 time by 14 wavelength channels independently, which can significantly increase the bit rate compared with the single channel systems in quantum communication. Our work paves a new and promising way to achieve a high capacity quantum communication and to generate a multiple photon nonclassical state.