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arXiv:1712.08593 · Nature

Deterministic quantum state transfer and remote entanglement using microwave photons

Philipp Kurpiers, Paul Magnard, T. Walter, Baptiste Royer, Marek Pechal, Johannes Heinsoo, Yves Salathé, Abdulkadir Akın, Simon Storz, Jean-Claude Besse, Simone Gasparinetti, Alexandre Blais, Andreas J. Wallraff

Published Jun 1, 2018• 341 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1038/s41586-018-0195-y

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Superconducting microwave links have enabled deterministic state transfer and remote entanglement between qubits, but deterministic links have so far operated with an effectively two-dimensional transmitted Hilbert space. Here we demonstrate a superconducting qutrit link between two independently packaged nodes connected by a microwave channel. Each node combines a transmon qutrit, a transmission resonator, and a tunable Purcell-filter interface, allowing the two remote microwave-photon interfaces to be matched in both frequency and bandwidth. We implement two transition-selective photon-mediated operations that transfer the ∣e⟩|e\rangle∣e⟩ and ∣f⟩|f\rangle∣f⟩ qutrit components in distinct temporal modes of the same channel. We tomographically characterize arbitrary qutrit-state transfer, obtaining a mean transferred-state fidelity of 83.68% and a qutrit process fidelity of 77.12%, exceeding both the classical qutrit-transfer benchmark and the best possible average fidelity of an effective qubit channel used to transmit an arbitrary qutrit. Using partial-transfer operations, we reconstruct a remote two-qutrit state with negativity 0.730, a tomography-inferred dense-coding capacity of 2.273 bits, and a tomography-inferred Collins-Gisin-Linden-Massar-Popescu (CGLMP) parameter I3=2.332I_3=2.332I3​=2.332, all beyond the corresponding qubit or local bounds. These results demonstrate a superconducting microwave link that uses the native three-level structure of transmons as a genuine high-dimensional communication resource.