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arXiv:1711.00825 · Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Polarization spectroscopy of atomic erbium in a hollow cathode lamp

Jackson Ang’ong’a, Bryce Gadway

Published Dec 14, 2017• 2 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Abstract In this work we perform polarization spectroscopy of erbium atoms in a hollow cathode lamp (HCL). We review the theory behind Doppler-free polarization spectroscopy, theoretically model the expected erbium polarization spectra, and compare the numerically calculated spectra to our experimental data. We further analyze the dependence of the measured spectra on the HCL current and the peak intensities of our pump and probe lasers to determine conditions. Applications include wavelength stabilization of diode laser radiation to the 400.91 nm erbium transition.

DOI
10.1088/1361-6455/aaa1d4

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Abstract In this work we perform polarization spectroscopy of erbium atoms in a hollow cathode lamp (HCL). We review the theory behind Doppler-free polarization spectroscopy, theoretically model the expected erbium polarization spectra, and compare the numerically calculated spectra to our experimental data. We further analyze the dependence of the measured spectra on the HCL current and the peak intensities of our pump and probe lasers to determine conditions. Applications include wavelength stabilization of diode laser radiation to the 400.91 nm erbium transition.
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We analyze the polarization spectrum of S10−P11 transition in atomic ytterbium with bosonic and fermionic isotopes in a hollow cathode lamp. Bosonic signals are created by saturation effects because of their only nondegenerate ground state, whereas fermionic counterparts are generated by optical pumping. The dependence of spectral signals on the cathode lamp current as well as the powers of the pump and probe beams are systematically investigated. Optimized parameters for future frequency-locking applications are suggested. The effects of pump beam polarization are determined by comparing results obtained from a circularly polarized pump beam to those obtained from an elliptically polarized one; here, enhanced signals were achieved by the former compared with the latter.
We present the experimental study of modulation transfer spectroscopy of ytterbium atoms in a hollow cathode lamp. The dependences of its linewidth, slope and magnitude on the various experimental parameters are measured and fitted by the well-known theoretical expressions. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical prediction. We have observed the Dicke narrowing effect by increasing the current of the hollow cathode lamp. It is also found that there are the optimal current and laser power to generate the better modulation transfer spectroscopy signal, which can be employed for locking the laser frequency to the atomic transition.
Isotope selective optical excitation of atoms is important for experiments with neutral atoms, metrology, and work with trapped ions, including quantum information processing. Polarization-enhanced absorption spectroscopy is used to frequency stabilise a tunable external cavity laser diode system at 398.9 nm for isotope selective photoionization of neutral Yb atoms. This spectroscopy technique is used to measure isotope resolved dispersive features from transitions within a see through configuration Ytterbium hollow-cathode discharge lamp. This Doppler-free dichroic polarization spectroscopy is realised by retro-reflecting a laser beam through the discharge and analysing the polarization dependent absorption with balanced detection. The spectroscopy signal is recovered using lock-in detection of frequency modulation induced by current modulation of the external cavity laser diode. Here, we show the use of polarization-enhanced absorption spectroscopy for isotope selectively loading of 171^{171}171Yb+^++, 172^{172}172Yb+^++, or 174^{174}174Yb+^++ ions into an RF Paul trap.
The modulation transfer spectroscopy in an ytterbium hollow cathode lamp at 399 nm is measured. The error signal for frequency locking is optimized by measuring the dependences of its slope, linewidth and magnitude on various parameters. Under the optimum condition, the laser frequency at 399 nm can be stabilized. The long-term stability of laser frequency is measured by monitoring the fluorescence signal of the ytterbium atomic beam induced by the locked laser. The laser frequency is shown to be tightly locked, and the stabilized laser is successfully applied to the cooling of ytterbium atoms.