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arXiv:1710.08636 · Physical Review A

Universal feature in optical control of a p -wave Feshbach resonance

Peng Peng, Ren Zhang, Lianghui Huang, Donghao Li, Zengming Meng, Pengjun Wang, Hui Zhai, Peng Zhang, Jing Zhang

Published Jan 10, 2018• 11 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We report the experimental results on the optical control of a $p$-wave Feshbach resonance by utilizing a laser-driven bound-to-bound transition to shift the energy of a closed-channel molecule state. The magnetic field location for the $p$-wave resonance as a function of laser detuning can be captured by a simple formula with essentially one parameter, which describes how sensitively the resonance depends on the laser detuning. The key result of this work is to demonstrate, both experimentally and theoretically, that the ratio between this parameter for the $m=0$ component of the resonance and that for the $m=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1$ component, to a large extent, is universal. We also show that this optical control can create intriguing situations where interesting few- and many-body physics can occur, such as a $p$-wave resonance overlapping with an $s$-wave resonance or the three components of a $p$-wave resonance being degenerate.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.97.012702

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We report the experimental results on the optical control of a ppp-wave Feshbach resonance by utilizing a laser-driven bound-to-bound transition to shift the energy of a closed-channel molecule state. The magnetic field location for the ppp-wave resonance as a function of laser detuning can be captured by a simple formula with essentially one parameter, which describes how sensitively the resonance depends on the laser detuning. The key result of this work is to demonstrate, both experimentally and theoretically, that the ratio between this parameter for the m=0m=0m=0 component of the resonance and that for the m=\ifmmode±\else\textpm\fi1m=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1m=\ifmmode±\else\textpm\fi1 component, to a large extent, is universal. We also show that this optical control can create intriguing situations where interesting few- and many-body physics can occur, such as a ppp-wave resonance overlapping with an sss-wave resonance or the three components of a ppp-wave resonance being degenerate.
We theoretically investigate the control of a magnetic Feshbach resonance using a bound-to-bound molecular transition driven by spatially modulated laser light. Due to the spatially periodic coupling between the ground and excited molecular states, there exists a band structure of bound states, which can uniquely be characterized by some extra bumps in radio-frequency spectroscopy. With the increasing of coupling strength, the series of bound states will cross zero energy and directly result in a number of scattering resonances, whose position and width can be conveniently tuned by the coupling strength of the laser light and the applied magnetic field (i.e., the detuning of the ground molecular state). In the presence of the modulated laser light, universal two-body bound states near zero-energy threshold still exist. However, compared with the case without modulation, the regime for such universal states is usually small. A unified formula, which embodies the influence of the modulated coupling on the resonance width is given. The spatially modulated coupling also implies a local spatially varying interaction between atoms. Our work proposes a practical way of optically controlling interatomic interactions with high spatial resolution and negligible atomic loss.
We report experimental realization of the space-dependent interaction by optical controlled narrow ppp-wave magnetic Feshbach resonance in a 40K^{40}\mathrm{K}40K Fermi gas. A space varied optical field at the tune-out wavelength is applied to illuminate the atomic sample, which drives the bound-to-bound molecular transition to shift the energy of a closed-channel molecule state. Due to the position varied atomic interaction induced by the different laser intensity distribution across the entire Fermi atom cloud, the space-dependent atomic loss rate is observed. This scheme provides a control technique to study the Fermi gas with the space-dependent atomic ppp-wave interaction, and has great potential in quantum simulation.
We use laser light near resonant with an optical bound-to-bound transition to shift the magnetic field at which a Feshbach resonance occurs. We operate in a regime of large detuning and large laser intensity. This reduces the light-induced atom-loss rate by 1 order of magnitude compared to our previous experiments [D. M. Bauer et al., Nat. Phys. 5, 339 (2009)]. The experiments are performed in an optical lattice and include high-resolution spectroscopy of excited molecular states reported here. In addition, we give a detailed account of a theoretical model that describes our experimental data.
This thesis reports on a novel scheme for controlling the scattering properties of an ultracold atomic gas with laser light. We show theoretically and experimentally that light near-resonant with a molecular bound-to-bound transition can be used to shift the magnetic field at which a magnetic Feshbach resonance occurs. This makes it possible to tune the interaction strength with laser light and at the same time induce considerably less loss than an optical Feshbach resonance would do. To find an appropriate bound-to-bound transition for this scheme, we perform excited-state spectroscopy. When applying laser light resonant with one such bound-to-bound transition we observe an Autler-Townes splitting of the magnetic Feshbach resonance. We find good agreement between the theoretical model and experimental data. Our scheme can be used for a variety of future applications. For example, light patterns created by holographic masks could serve as a tool for changing the scattering length of ultracold atoms on very short time and length scales.
In a recent experiment [Peng et al., Phys. Rev. A 97, 012702 (2018)], it has been shown that the ppp-wave Feshbach resonance can be shifted toward the sss-wave Feshbach resonance by a laser field. Based on this experiment, we study the universal relations and the normal-state properties in an ultracold Fermi gas with coexisting sss- and ppp-wave interactions under optical control of a ppp-wave magnetic Feshbach resonance. Within the operator-product expansion, we derive the high-momentum tail of various observable quantities in terms of contacts. We find that the high-momentum tail becomes anisotropic. Adopting the quantum virial expansion, we calculate the normal-state contacts with and without a laser field for 40K^{40}\mathrm{K}40K atoms using typical experimental parameters. We show that the contacts are dependent on the laser dressing. We also reveal the interplay of laser dressing and different partial-wave interactions on various contacts. In particular, we demonstrate that the impact of the laser dressing in the ppp-wave channel can be probed by measuring the sss-wave contacts, which is a direct manifestation of few-body effects on the many-body level. Our results can be readily checked experimentally.
We study the use of an optical Feshbach resonance to modify the ppp-wave interaction between ultracold polarized 171Yb^{171}\mathrm{Yb}171Yb spin-1/21/21/2 fermions. A laser exciting two colliding atoms to the 1S0+3P1{}^{1}{S}_{0}+{}^{3}{P}_{1}1S0​+3P1​ channel can be detuned near a purely-long-range excited molecular bound state. Such an exotic molecule has an inner turning point far from the chemical binding region, and thus, three-body recombination in the Feshbach resonance will be highly suppressed in contrast to that typically seen in a ground-state ppp-wave magnetic Feshbach resonance. We calculate the excited molecular bound-state spectrum using a multichannel integration of the Schr\"odinger equation, including an external perturbation by a magnetic field. From the multichannel wave functions, we calculate the Feshbach resonance properties, including the modification of the elastic ppp-wave scattering volume and inelastic spontaneous scattering rate. The use of magnetic fields and selection rules for polarized light yields a highly controllable system. We apply this control to propose a toy model for three-color superfluidity in an optical lattice for spin-polarized 171Yb^{171}\mathrm{Yb}171Yb, where the three colors correspond to the three spatial orbitals of the first excited ppp band. We calculate the conditions under which tunneling and on-site interactions are comparable, at which point quantum critical behavior is possible.