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arXiv:1707.04691 · Physical Review Letters

Controlled Asymmetry of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering with an Injected Nondegenerate Optical Parametric Oscillator

M. K. Olsen

Published Oct 18, 2017• 40 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We propose and analyze a nonlinear optical apparatus in which the direction of asymmetric steering is controllable within the apparatus, rather than by adding noise to measurements. Using a nondegenerate parametric oscillator with an injected signal field, we show how the directionality and extent of the steering can be readily controlled for output modes that can be up to one octave apart. The two down-converted modes, which exhibit the greater violations of the steering inequalities, can also be controlled to exhibit asymmetric steering in some regimes.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.119.160501

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AAPPS bulletin•Oct 27, 2022•3 citations
We propose and analyze a nonlinear optical apparatus in which the direction of asymmetric steering is controllable within the apparatus, rather than by adding noise to measurements. Using a nondegenerate parametric oscillator with an injected signal field, we show how the directionality and extent of the steering can be readily controlled for output modes that can be up to one octave apart. The two down-converted modes, which exhibit the greater violations of the steering inequalities, can also be controlled to exhibit asymmetric steering in some regimes.
We propose a scheme to manipulate entanglement and the direction of asymmetric Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering between two interacting bosonic modes in a nonlinear optical apparatus, in which a pumped Fabry-P\'erot cavity system containing two nonlinear waveguides is coupled to two feedback loops. It is found that Markovian feedback plays a key role in controlling both entanglement and EPR steering, the maximal entanglement can only be achieved through two symmetric feedback loops, while one-way EPR steering can only occur when both asymmetric feedback loops and an unbalanced beam-splitter are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, in terms of an unequal beam-splitter and two different feedback loops, it is demonstrated that the directionality and extent of the asymmetric EPR steering can be readily controlled under certain conditions. A simple and sufficient condition is also revealed for generating two-way EPR steering. Moreover, the entanglement and EPR steering can be effectively enhanced by performing Markovian feedback. In addition, By choosing appropriate feedback strengths, two cavity modes can be driven into a pure two-mode squeezed vacuum state rather than a mixed two-mode Gaussian entangled state or a pure entangled dark state. We hope the proposed scheme will enhance our understanding of the fundamental asymmetry of EPR steering, and it may have potential applications in quantum computation and quantum communication.
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering, that is, an intermediate form of quantum correlations with asymmetry in between entanglement and Bell nonlocality, plays an essential role in quantum information processing, such as one-sided device-independent quantum cryptography tasks. Here we theoretically study the direct generation of EPR steering in ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(2)}$ nonlinear optical processes with cascaded crystals in a self-phase-locked optical parametric oscillator. Based on a standard linearization method, we analyze different conditions for generating EPR steering in Gaussian states with vanishing or nonzero mean fields, and also show bistable regions for different types of EPR steering. In particular, such system can intrinsically generate asymmetry one-way EPR steering, without introducing any postoperation. Our results suggest that the self-phase-locked optical parametric oscillator is a good candidate to generate different types of EPR steering at will by varying the cavity detunings, photon loss, or input pump power.
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a form of quantum correlation and its intrinsic asymmetry makes it distinct from entanglement and Bell nonlocality. We propose here a scheme for realizing one-way Gaussian steering of two electromagnetic fields mediated by a mechanical oscillator. We reveal that the steady-state one-way steering of the intracavity and output fields is obtainable with different cavity losses or strong mechanical damping. The conditions for achieving this asymmetric steering are found, and it shows that the steering is robust against thermal mechanical fluctuations. The present scheme can realize hybrid microwave-optical asymmetric steering by optoelectromechanics. In addition, our results are generic and can also be applied to other three-mode parametrically coupled bosonic systems.
In this paper, a cascaded optical parametric system combing degenerate optical parametric oscillation (OPO) and second harmonic generation (SHG) is investigated. By using the positive-P representation and standard input-output relations, and using quantum trajectory numerical simulation, we can analyse the quantum correlation behavior of the system above or below threshold. By injecting a small coherent signal in the lowest field mode, the threshold of the system can be changed. More importantly, the symmetry property of the EPR steering can also easily be controlled. Without signal injection, the EPR steering only occurs between two higher field modes below threshold, but it will disappear with injection. For EPR steering of other two pair bipartition is formerly not existent, while they occur with injection. Meanwhile, the steering property of the lowest mode and the highest mode becomes asymmetric by changing the value of the signal. The injection of the coherent signal allows for a simple means of control over the EPR steering properties of the system.
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering exhibits an inherent asymmetric feature that differs from both entanglement and Bell nonlocality, which leads to one-way EPR steering. Although this one-way EPR steering phenomenon has been experimentally observed, the schemes to manipulate the direction of EPR steering have not been investigated thoroughly. In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate three schemes to manipulate the direction of EPR steering, either by varying the noise on one party of a two-mode squeezed state (TMSS) or transmitting the TMSS in a noisy channel. The dependence of the direction of EPR steering on the noise and transmission efficiency in the quantum channel is analyzed. The experimental results show that the direction of EPR steering of the TMSS can be changed in the presented schemes. Our work is helpful in understanding the fundamental asymmetry of quantum nonlocality and has potential applications in future asymmetric quantum information processing.
Abstract We investigate the asymmetric Gaussian steering with the nondegenerate parametric amplifier in a three-mode optomechanical system composed of two optical cavities and a mechanical oscillator. In the presence of the nondegenerate parametric amplifier, we find that the Gaussian steering between the auxiliary cavity and the mechanical resonator without direct interaction is significantly enhanced. By cooling the delocalized Bogoliubov modes over the auxiliary cavity and the mechanical oscillator, the optimal optomechanical entanglement and Gaussian steering can be realized and enhanced. Furthermore, we observe a wider range of parameters for the Gaussian steering with the case of cooling double delocalized modes. In addition, the magnitudes of the asymmetric Gaussian steering in two different directions can be adjusted by altering the decay rate of the auxiliary optical mode. Therefore, our proposal provides an effective method to manipulate and enhance the one-way Gaussian steering between the two modes.