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arXiv:1706.07420

Entangled Excitons via Spontaneous Downconversion

Ariel Shlosberg, Mark T. Lusk

Published Jun 22, 2017• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

molecules support excitons with a well-defined quasi-angular momentum. Cofacial arrangements of these molecules can be engineered so that quantum cutting produces a pair of excitons with angular momenta that are maximally entangled. The Bell state constituents can subsequently travel in opposite directions down molecular chains as ballistic wave packets. This is a direct excitonic analog to the entangled polarization states produced by the spontaneous parametric down-conversion of light. As in optical settings, the ability to produce Bell states should enable foundational experiments and technologies based on non-local excitonic quantum correlation. The idea is elucidated with a combination of quantum electrodynamics theory and numerical simulation.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1706.07420

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molecules support excitons with a well-defined quasi-angular momentum. Cofacial arrangements of these molecules can be engineered so that quantum cutting produces a pair of excitons with angular momenta that are maximally entangled. The Bell state constituents can subsequently travel in opposite directions down molecular chains as ballistic wave packets. This is a direct excitonic analog to the entangled polarization states produced by the spontaneous parametric down-conversion of light. As in optical settings, the ability to produce Bell states should enable foundational experiments and technologies based on non-local excitonic quantum correlation. The idea is elucidated with a combination of quantum electrodynamics theory and numerical simulation.
A class of centrosymmetric molecules support excitons with a well-defined quasi-angular momentum. Cofacial arrangements of these molecules can be engineered so that quantum cutting produces a pair of excitons on sandwiching acceptors with angular momenta that are maximally entangled. These Bell state constituents can subsequently travel in opposite directions down molecular chains as ballistic wave packets. This is a direct excitonic analog to the entangled polarization states produced by the spontaneous parametric downconversion of light. As in optical settings, the ability to produce Bell states should enable experiments and technologies based on non-local excitonic quantum correlation. The idea is elucidated with a combination of quantum electrodynamics theory and numerical simulations.
Hybrid entangled states exhibit entanglement between different degrees of freedom of a particle pair and thus could be useful for asymmetric optical quantum network where the communication channels are characterized by different properties. We report the first experimental realization of hybrid polarization-orbital angular momentum (OAM) entangled states by adopting a spontaneous parametric down conversion source of polarization entangled states and a polarization-OAM transferrer. The generated quantum states have been characterized through quantum state tomography. Finally, the violation of Bell's inequalities with the hybrid two photon system has been observed.
The generation of paired photons entangled in the spatial degree of freedom, i.e., in orbital angular momentum, offers a convenient physical resource to investigate the nature of entanglement in a multidimensional Hilbert space with controllable dimensionality. The two main physical processes that generate pairs of photons which show correlations in orbital angular momentum are (a) spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC), and (b) Raman transitions induced in atomic ensembles. One question naturally arises: what kinds of correlations exist between the orbital angular momentum of the generated photons? The answer might be different if we consider the whole quantum state of the generated photons, i.e., all possible directions where the pairs of photons can be emitted, or if we consider only a small section of the full set of directions.
We study the frequency-angular line shape for a phase-matched nonlinear process producing entangled states and show that there is a continuous variety of maximally entangled states generated for different mismatch values within the natural bandwidth. Detailed considerations are made for two specific methods of polarization entanglement preparation, based on type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) and on SPDC in two subsequent type-I crystals producing orthogonally polarized photon pairs. It turns out that different Bell states are produced at the center of the SPDC line and on its slopes, corresponding to about half-maximum intensity level. These Bell states can be filtered out by either frequency selection or angular selection, or both. Our theoretical calculations are confirmed by a series of experiments, performed for the two above-mentioned schemes of producing polarization-entangled photon pairs and with two kinds of measurements: frequency selective and angular selective.