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arXiv:1706.04866 · Mathematical Notes

On Singular Perturbations of Quantum Dynamical Semigroups

A. S. Holevo

Published Jan 1, 2018• 11 citations
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Abstract

We consider two examples of quantum dynamical semigroups obtained by singular perturbations of a standard generator which are special case of unbounded completely positive perturbations studied in detail in [11]. In Sec. 2, we propose a generalization of an example in [15] aimed to give a positive answer to a conjecture of Arveson. In Sec. 3 we consider in greater detail an improved and simplified construction of a nonstandard dynamical semigroup outlined in our short communication [12].

DOI
10.1134/s0001434618010157

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We consider two examples of quantum dynamical semigroups obtained by singular perturbations of a standard generator which are special case of unbounded completely positive perturbations studied in detail in [11]. In Sec. 2, we propose a generalization of an example in [15] aimed to give a positive answer to a conjecture of Arveson. In Sec. 3 we consider in greater detail an improved and simplified construction of a nonstandard dynamical semigroup outlined in our short communication [12].
Dynamical semigroups have become the key structure for describing open system dynamics in all of physics. Bounded generators are known to be of a standard form, due to Gorini, Kossakowski, Sudarshan and Lindblad. This form is often used also in the unbounded case, but rather little is known about the general form of unbounded generators. In this paper we first give a precise description of the standard form in the unbounded case, emphasizing intuition, and collecting and even proving the basic results around it. We also give a cautionary example showing that the standard form must not be read too naively. Further examples are given of semigroups, which appear to be probability preserving to first order, but are not for finite times. Based on these, we construct examples of generators which are not of standard form.
A survey of the probabilistic approaches to quantum dynamical semigroups with unbounded generators is given. An emphasis is made upon recent advances in the structural theory of covariant Markovian master equations. The relations with the classical Levy-Khinchin formula are elucidated. As an example, a complete characterizations of the Galilean covariant irreversible quantum Markovian evolutions is given in terms of the corresponding quantum master and Langevin equations. Important topics for future investigation are outlined.