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arXiv:1706.03801 · Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Suppression of four-wave mixing in hot rubidium vapor using ladder scheme Raman absorption

Nikunj Prajapati, G. Romanov, Irina V. Novikova

Published Aug 25, 2017• 7 citations
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Abstract

We experimentally investigate the effectiveness of four-wave mixing suppression in a double-Λ interaction scheme by introducing an additional ladder-type two-photon Raman absorption resonance for one of the optical fields. We propose several possible interaction configurations involving either one or two isotopes of Rb and experimentally demonstrate the possibility of efficient four-wave mixing suppression in both electromagnetically induced transparency and far-detuned Raman cases.

DOI
10.1364/josab.34.001994

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We experimentally investigate the effectiveness of four-wave mixing suppression in a double-Λ interaction scheme by introducing an additional ladder-type two-photon Raman absorption resonance for one of the optical fields. We propose several possible interaction configurations involving either one or two isotopes of Rb and experimentally demonstrate the possibility of efficient four-wave mixing suppression in both electromagnetically induced transparency and far-detuned Raman cases.
We propose a method to controllably suppress the effect of the four-wave mixing caused by the coupling of the strong control optical field to both optical transitions in the Λ system under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). At sufficiently high atomic density, this process leads to amplification of a weak optical signal field, that is detrimental for the fidelity of any EIT-based quantum information applications. Here we show that an additional absorption resonance centred around the Stokes field frequency, generated in such a four-wave mixing process, may efficiently suppress the unwanted probe amplification without affecting properties of the EIT interaction. We discuss the possibility of creating such tunable absorption using two-photon Raman absorption resonances in the other Rb isotope, and present some preliminary experimental results.
The evolution of enhanced four-wave mixing based on Raman coherence as the probe intensity increases is observed experimentally in an 85 R b atomic vapor system. We propose that for a Doppler-broadened Λ -type level system, the generated anti-Stokes field from one-photon resonance will be suppressed by the dressed-states resonance and can be controlled by the probe intensity, which influences the effective transverse relaxation rate of Raman coherence. When the probe field is not so weak, the double resonance for dressed states will greatly suppress the anti-Stokes emission at the central frequency, and the signal peak will be split. We show that this phenomenon is a result of the destructive polarization interference between atoms with different velocities from the two types of resonance. Based on our model, we present a new, to the best of our knowledge, interpretation of four-wave mixing enhancement in the conventional Λ -type electromagnetically induced transparency system.
We analyze a four-wave-mixing (FWM) scheme in a five-level atomic system based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We show that EIT suppresses both two-photon and three-photon absorptions in the FWM scheme and enables the four-wave mixing to proceed through real, resonant intermediate states without absorption loss. The scheme results in a several orders of magnitude increase in the FWM efficiency in comparison with a recent scheme [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 143902 (2002)] and may be used for generating short-wavelength radiation at low pump intensities.
A nonlinear optical four-wave mixing scheme is presented and analysed for the generation of coherent light in a nearly four-level ladder-type atomic system in the context of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We find that EIT can suppress nonlinear photon absorption and the peak of the generated mixing field is located at the centre of the transparency window where the loss is minimal, though there is a dip in the centre. Such a nonlinear optical process can also be used for generating coherent short-wavelength radiation.
We present an experimental study of multi-Raman gain resonances in a hot rubidium vapor. The experiment is performed based on a high-efficiency four-wave mixing process due to the Raman-driven coherence in a double-Λ configuration. The Raman gain resonance for 85 Rb atoms under a bias magnetic field is shown to be split into five or six peaks, depending on the orientation of the magnetic field. The formed multi-Raman gain resonances have potential applications in measurement of magnetic fields and generation of multi-frequency correlated twin beams.
Rb atoms. By comparing the FWM spectra with the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectra of the hyperfine states, we confirm that the FWM process is significantly influenced by both ladder-type and V-type two-photon coherences. From the observed FWM signal of each hyperfine structure, we clarify the role of two-photon coherence in the FWM process under EIT, double-resonance optical pumping (DROP), and two-photon absorption (TPA) conditions in a ladder-type atomic system, which is dependent on the open degree of the hyperfine states, the laser intensity, and the laser frequency detuning.