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arXiv:1705.08193 · Few-Body Systems

Quantum Effects on an Atom with a Magnetic Quadrupole Moment in a Region with a Time-Dependent Magnetic Field

I. C. Fonseca, K. Bakke

Published Nov 29, 2016• 8 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1007/s00601-016-1164-3

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The quantum dynamics of an atom with a magnetic quadrupole moment that interacts with an external field subject to harmonic and linear confining potentials is investigated. It is shown that the interaction between the magnetic quadrupole moment and an electric field gives rise to an analogue of the Coulomb potential and, by confining this atom to harmonic and linear confining potentials, a quantum effect characterized by the dependence of the angular frequency on the quantum numbers of the system is obtained. In particular, it is shown that the possible values of the angular frequency associated with the ground state of the system are determined by a third-degree algebraic equation.
Abstract We propose a scheme to measure a nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment (MQM), a C P -violating electromagnetic moment that appears in the nuclear sector, using the long-lived 3 P 2 metastable state in neutral 173Yb atoms. Laser-cooling and trapping techniques enable us to prepare ultracold 173Yb atoms in the 3 P 2 state trapped in an optical lattice or an optical tweezer array, providing an ideal experimental platform with long spin coherence time. In addition, our relativistic configuration interaction calculation for the 3 P 2 electronic wavefunction reveals a large magnetic field gradient generated by the atomic electrons in this state, which amplifies the measurable effect of an MQM. Our scheme could lead to an improvement of more than one order of magnitude in MQM sensitivity compared to the best previous measurement (Murthy e t a l 1989 Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 965).
The quantum dynamics of a moving particle with a magnetic quadrupole moment that interacts with electric and magnetic fields is introduced. By dealing with the interaction between an electric field and the magnetic quadrupole moment, it is shown that an analogue of the Coulomb potential can be generated and bound state solutions can be obtained. Besides, the influence of the Coulomb-type potential on the harmonic oscillator is investigated, where bound state solutions to both repulsive and attractive Coulomb-type potentials are achieved and the arising of a quantum effect characterized by the dependence of the harmonic oscillator frequency on the quantum numbers of the system is discussed.