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arXiv:1704.08007

Transmit Filter and Artificial Noise Design for Secure MIMO-OFDM Systems

Wenfei Liu, Ming Li, Xiaowen Tian, Zihuan Wang, Qian Liu

Published Apr 26, 2017• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Physical layer security has been considered as an important security approach in wireless communications to protect legitimate transmission from passive eavesdroppers. This paper investigates the physical layer security of a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system in the presence of a multiple-antenna eavesdropper. We first propose a transmit-filter-assisted secure MIMO-OFDM system which can destroy the orthogonality of eavesdropper's signals. Our proposed transmit filter can disturb the reception of eavesdropper while maintaining the quality of legitimate transmission. Then, we propose another artificial noise (AN)-assisted secure MIMO-OFDM system to further improve the security of the legitimate transmission. The time-domain AN signal is designed to disturb the reception of eavesdropper while the legitimate transmission will not be affected. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the security performance of the proposed transmit filter design and AN-assisted scheme in the MIMO-OFDM system.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1704.08007

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Physical layer security has been considered as an important security approach in wireless communications to protect legitimate transmission from passive eavesdroppers. This paper investigates the physical layer security of a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system in the presence of a multiple-antenna eavesdropper. We first propose a transmit-filter-assisted secure MIMO-OFDM system which can destroy the orthogonality of eavesdropper's signals. Our proposed transmit filter can disturb the reception of eavesdropper while maintaining the quality of legitimate transmission. Then, we propose another artificial noise (AN)-assisted secure MIMO-OFDM system to further improve the security of the legitimate transmission. The time-domain AN signal is designed to disturb the reception of eavesdropper while the legitimate transmission will not be affected. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the security performance of the proposed transmit filter design and AN-assisted scheme in the MIMO-OFDM system.
This paper considers the problem of physical layer security of a wireless orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system. We first develop a transmit filter-aided secure OFDM system scheme which can disturb eavesdropper's receptions by destroying the orthogonality of OFDM signals at the eavesdropper, while the quality of legitimate transmission is maintained. Then, in an effort to further improve the security performance, we also propose an artificial noise (AN)-aided secure OFDM system associated with the transmit filter-aided approach. AN is generated in the null space of the legitimate channel by making use of residual power after power allocation for subcarriers. Therefore, AN can only disrupt eavesdropper's receptions but not affect legitimate receiver. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed transmit filter and AN-aided physical layer security designs in the OFDM wiretap system.
This paper investigates artificial noise (AN) injection along the temporal and spatial dimensions of a legitimate system to secure its transmissions from potential eavesdropping. In particular, we consider a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system in the presence of a multiple-antenna passive eavesdropper and characterize both the secrecy rate and average secrecy rate of the legitimate system. We assume that the legitimate transmitter knows the full channel state information (CSI) of the links connecting it with its legitimate receiver but does not know the instantaneous CSI of the passive eavesdropper. Closed-form expressions for the secrecy rate and average secrecy rate are derived for the asymptotic case of a large number of transmit antennas. We compare the degrading effects of spatial and temporal AN on the eavesdropper's rate. We also investigate the power allocation between the data and the AN and the power allocation between the spatial and the temporal AN. An upper bound on the secrecy rate loss due to the presence of the eavesdropper is also derived, and computer simulations are carried out to demonstrate the performance of our proposed AN scheme.
This paper investigates artificial noise injection into the temporal and spatial dimensions of a legitimate wireless communication system to secure its transmissions from potential eavesdropping. We consider a multiple-input single-output (MISO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system in the presence of a single-antenna passive eavesdropper and derive both the secrecy rate and average secrecy rate of the legitimate system. It is assumed that the legitimate transmitter knows the full channel information of the legitimate transceivers but does not know the instantaneous channel state information of the passive eavesdropper. Closed-form expressions for the secrecy rate and average secrecy rate are derived for the asymptotic case with a large number of transmit antennas. We also investigate 1) the power allocation between the data and the AN; 2) the power allocation between the spatial and the temporal AN. Computer simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of our proposed artificial noise scheme.
Artificial fast fading (AFF) is one of the physical layer security schemes that achieve secure communications. In the AFF scheme, the signal to be transmitted is multiplied by a random weight which is called the AFF weight. As a result, the effect like fast fading is added to the transmitting signal, and the demodulation performance of an eavesdropper is degraded. In contrast, since the AFF weight is generated to be canceled out by the effect of channel between a transmitter and a legitimate receiver, it does not degrade the demodulation performance of the legitimate receiver. In the existing AFF scheme, only single-stream transmission is considered. However, recent wireless communications systems mostly adopt multiple-stream transmission. In this paper, we propose an AFF generation scheme for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Simulation results show that the AFF produced by our AFF generation scheme is successfully canceled out at the legitimate receiver, and the mutual information of the legitimate receiver is increased along with the number of transmitted streams.
This paper addresses physical layer security in MIMO communications over frequency selective wireless channels in the presence of passive eavesdroppers, i.e. the associated channels are unknown to the legitimate transmitter. Signalling is based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Spatial beamforming is performed to improve the quality of the legitimate link. With the aim of confusing the eavesdroppers, a fraction of the available power is allocated to transmit artificial noise. Frequency diversity is shown to significantly improve secrecy. A probabilistic analysis of secrecy is presented.
In physical-layer security, secret bits are extracted from wireless channels. With the assumption of channel reciprocity, the legitimate users share the same channel which is independent of the channels between the legitimate users and the eavesdropper, leading to secure transmissions. However, practical implementation of the physical layer security faces many challenges. First, for the correlated channel such as the multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) channel, the security is decreased due to the correlation between the generated secret bits. Second, the nearby eavesdropper posts a security threat due to observing the same channel as the legitimate user's. Third, the eavesdroppers might try to reconstruct the wireless environments. In this paper, we propose two practical physical layer security schemes for the MIMO orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems: the precoding matrix index (PMI)-based secret key generation with rotation matrix (MOPRO) and the channel quantization-based (MOCHA) scheme. The former utilizes PMI and rotated reference signals to prevent the eavesdroppers from learning the secret key information and the latter applies channel quantization in order to extract more secret key bits. It is shown that not only the secure communication but also the MIMO gain can be guaranteed by using the proposed schemes.