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arXiv:1702.02855 · Physical Review Applied

Waveguide Cavity Resonator as a Source of Optical Squeezing

Michael Stefszky, R. Ricken, Christof Eigner, V. Quiring, H. Herrmann, Christine Silberhorn

Published Apr 27, 2017• 52 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

``Squeezed'' states of light are the fundamental building blocks for continuous-variable quantum optics, so a quantum network for optical communication would seem to require a compact, efficient source of such states. Combining clever design with recent advances in waveguide materials engineering, the authors produce a device that yields very high levels of squeezing, compared to other integrated architectures. Their innovative approach allows for rarely seen continuous-wave squeezing, paving the way for more advanced on-chip functions.

DOI
10.1103/physrevapplied.7.044026

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``Squeezed'' states of light are the fundamental building blocks for continuous-variable quantum optics, so a quantum network for optical communication would seem to require a compact, efficient source of such states. Combining clever design with recent advances in waveguide materials engineering, the authors produce a device that yields very high levels of squeezing, compared to other integrated architectures. Their innovative approach allows for rarely seen continuous-wave squeezing, paving the way for more advanced on-chip functions.
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The work presented in this thesis is focused on experimental application and generation of continuous variable quantum correlated states of light in integrated dielectric structures. Squeezed states are among the most exploited continuous variable optical states for free-space quantum-enhanced sensing and communication protocols, but for these developments to be applicable for future technologies they must be transformed to an integrated architecture compatible with current electro-optical technology. So far only little work has been done in this direction, but two such contributions are made in this thesis: Firstly, we present proof-of-principle demonstration of interfacing squeezed light with an on-chip optomechanical resonator, demonstrating a quantum-enhanced sensitivity to the vibrations of the micromechanical object. Secondly, work on developing an integrated source of squeezed light is presented and an optimized device design is proposed. The devices have been fabricated and tested optically and preliminary interrogations of the output quantum noise have been performed.
Squeezed quantum states of light are essential tools for sensing, quantum computing and secure communication tasks, such as quantum key distribution [1] - [4] . For practical applications, integrated devices combining quantum light sources with additional active and passive components are attractive since they reduce bulky tabletop optical experiments into a single and highly compact chip, eventually leading to lower fabrication costs and the potential for large scale production with improved reproducibility and stability.
For quantum information technologies to become mainstream, they must be integrated into microchips. The authors present all-optical generation of nonclassical squeezed light (i.e. with quantum noise reduced below the shot-noise level) using an ultracompact broadband cavity in CMOS-compatible silicon nitride. Such a source of bright squeezed light, operating at technologically accessible power levels, paves the way for quantum enhanced sensing, quantum interconnects, and quantum information processing via a scalable, on-chip platform.