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arXiv:1611.06841

Coherent perfect absorption mediated enhancement and optical bistability in phase conjugation

K. Nireekshan Reddy, Gopal, Achanta Venu, S. Dutta Gupta

Published Nov 21, 2016• 0 citations
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Abstract

We study phase conjugation in a nonlinear composite slab when the counter propagating pump waves are completely absorbed by means of coherent perfect absorption. Under the undepleted pump approximation the coupling constant and the phase conjugated reflectivity are shown to undergo a substantial increase and multivalued response. The effect can be used for efficient switching of the phase conjugated reflectivity in photonic circuits.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1611.06841

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We study phase conjugation in a nonlinear composite slab when the counter propagating pump waves are completely absorbed by means of coherent perfect absorption. Under the undepleted pump approximation the coupling constant and the phase conjugated reflectivity are shown to undergo a substantial increase and multivalued response. The effect can be used for efficient switching of the phase conjugated reflectivity in photonic circuits.
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An externally driven nonlinear Fabry-Perot interferometer with bistable transmission characteristics is probed through a weak optical field. The nonlinear interaction among the counterpropagating pump beams and the probe beam generates the phase-conjugated beam through intracavity degenerate four-wave mixing. It is shown that the phase-conjugated reflectivity displays bistability and that hysteresis as the driving field is varied in a continuous manner. The analysis is carried out in the mean-field approximation and is valid for the case of low absorption and a high-Qcavity. Both the dispersive and the absorptive effects arising due to saturation of the one-photon resonance are included, and their effect on the phase-conjugated reflectivity is discussed. The results show that, when a bistable device switches on, the reflectivity decreases by a few orders of magnitude. We discuss possible applications and suggest materials where the proposed effects can be seen.
The undepleted-pump photorefractive four-wave mixing equations for the case of orthogonally polarized pumps are solved taking into account the linear absorption of the medium. A phenomenon of the enhancement of the phase conjugate reflectivity due to linear absorption is found to occur for a certain range of the phase conjugator parameters. This phenomenon is shown to occur as a consequence of the existence of the self-oscillatory modes in the presence of linear absorption. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Using numerical simulations of the fully nonlinear equations that describe the steady-state optical fields that develop within photorefractive phase-conjugate mirrors, we have shown that the phase-conjugate reflectivity can be enhanced in the presence of linear absorption. Our investigations focused on the development of the optical fields that arise when the reflectivity is nonmonotonically dependent on the linear absorption both near and away from self-oscillation. We have identified several significant features associated with the enhancement. Near self-oscillation and with strong pumps, an increase in the loss can lead to a more efficient energy transfer to the probe by altering the phase of the coupling, resulting in an increase in the index grating amplitude. Away from self-oscillation and with strong pumps, the loss alters the distribution of the grating within the crystal, and maximum reflectivity is associated with an optimum distribution. Reflectivity enhancement that is due to linear absorption was shown to occur even in the weak-pump case, thus providing unequivocal evidence of the veracity of this phenomenon.
The use of resonantly enhanced four-wave mixing to generate high reflectivity phase-conjugate waves is discussed. A physical understanding of the mechanisms underlying the nonlinear response for a simple two-level system is presented followed by a discussion of the complicating effects of pump absorption, pump depletion, unbalanced pumps, and thermal motion. Modifications of the theory to describe four-level behavior are presented and compared with experiments. The application of nearly degenerate four-wave mixing to narrow-band filtering complicated by the A. C. Stark effect is dis-cussed along with examples of experimental observations.