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arXiv:1606.03907 · Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Dissipation-assisted quantum correlations in coupled qubits

Chaitanya Joshi

Published Oct 1, 2016• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We theoretically investigate a possibility to establish multi-qubit quantum correlations in one-dimensional chains of qubits. We combine a reservoir engineering strategy with coherent dynamics to generate multi-qubit entangled states. We find that an interplay between the coherent and incoherent dynamics result in the generation of stable (time-independent) many-body entangled steady states. Our results will be relevant in the context of the dissipative generation of quantum states, with applications in short-distance quantum computation and for exploring the emergence of collective phenomena in many-body open quantum systems.

DOI
10.1209/0295-5075/116/14002

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We theoretically investigate a possibility to establish multi-qubit quantum correlations in one-dimensional chains of qubits. We combine a reservoir engineering strategy with coherent dynamics to generate multi-qubit entangled states. We find that an interplay between the coherent and incoherent dynamics result in the generation of stable (time-independent) many-body entangled steady states. Our results will be relevant in the context of the dissipative generation of quantum states, with applications in short-distance quantum computation and for exploring the emergence of collective phenomena in many-body open quantum systems.
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ABSTRACT We study the steady‐state quantum Fisher information (QFI) and several quantum resources entanglement, quantum coherence, and quantum discord for a pair of coupled qubits interacting with either bosonic or fermionic reservoirs. Using the Bloch–Redfield master equation beyond the secular approximation, we derive analytical expressions for the steady‐state density matrix and analyze how equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions shape the resulting quantum correlations. In thermal equilibrium, the quantum resources display distinct behaviors depending on the bath statistics, with fermionic reservoirs enabling stronger stationary correlations due to particle‐exchange processes. Under nonequilibrium driving, generated either by a temperature imbalance or by a chemical potential difference, the system develops steady‐state coherence and enhanced discord, while entanglement and QFI exhibit non‐monotonic dependence governed by the interplay between coherence generation and population mixing. Our results identify the regimes in which steady‐state metrological performance can be optimized, and they provide general guidelines for enhancing quantum correlations in dissipative two‐qubit platforms.
We analyze the dynamics of quantum correlations between two qubits coupled to a linear chain of oscillators. The chain mediates interactions between the qubits and acts as a non-Markovian reservoir. The model is amenable to an analytical solution when the initial state of the chain is Gaussian. We study the dynamics of the qubits' concurrence starting from a separable state and assuming that the chain spectrum is gapped and the chain is initially in a thermal state. We identify three relevant regimes that depend on the strength of the qubit-chain coupling in relation to the spectral gap. These are (i) the weak-coupling regime, where the qubits are entangled at the asymptotics, (ii) the strong-coupling regime, where the concurrence can exhibit collapses followed by revivals with exponentially attenuated amplitude, and (iii) the thermal damping regime, where the concurrence rapidly vanishes due to the chain's thermal excitations. In all cases, if entanglement is generated, this occurs after a finite time has elapsed. This time scale depends exponentially on the qubits' distance and is determined by the spectral properties of the chain. Entanglement irreversible decay, on the other hand, is due to the dissipative effect induced by the coupling with the chain and is controlled by the coupling strength between the chain and qubits. This study unravels the basic mechanisms leading to entanglement in a non-Markovian bath and allows one to identify the key resources for realizing quantum coherent dynamics of open systems.
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Highly multipartite entangled states play an important role in various quantum computing tasks. We investigate the dissipative generation of a complex entanglement structure as in a cluster state through engineered Markovian dynamics in the spin systems coupled via Ising interactions. Using the Lindblad master equation, we design a projection based dissipative channel that drives the system toward a unique pure steady state corresponding to the desired cluster state. This is done by removing the contribution of the orthogonal states. By explicitly constructing the Liouvillian superoperator in the full 2N2^N2N-dimensional Hilbert space, we compute the steady-state density matrix, the Liouvillian spectral gap, entanglement witness and the fidelity with respect to the ideal cluster state. The results demonstrate that the cluster state emerges as the steady state when the engineered Liouvillian dissipation dominates over the local Ising interaction between spins. Moreover, we find that the fidelity and Liouvillian spectral gap is relatively insensitive to the system size once the saturation dissipation has been achieved that scales linearly with the qubit number. This analysis illustrates a physically realizable path towards steady-state entanglement generation in the spin systems using engineered dissipation.