Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1605.02303

Reconfigurable Optical Quantum Networks Using Multimode Quantum Frequency Combs and Pulse Shaping

Yin Cai, Jonathan Roslund, Giulia Ferrini, Francesco Arzani, Xu, X., Claude Fabre, Nicolas Treps

Published May 8, 2016• 6 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Multimode entanglement is quintessential for the design and fabrication of quantum networks, which play a central role in quantum information processing and quantum metrology. However, an experimental setup is generally constructed with a specific network configuration in mind and therefore exhibits reduced versatility and scalability. The present work demonstrates an on-demand, reconfigurable quantum network simulator, using an intrinsically multimode quantum resource and a homodyne detection apparatus. Without altering either the initial squeezing source or experimen- tal architecture, we realize the construction of thirteen cluster states of various size and connectivity as well as the implementation of a secret sharing protocol. In particular, this simulator enables the interrogation of quantum correlations and fluctuations for a Gaussian quantum network. This initi- ates a new avenue for implementing on-demand quantum information processing by only adapting the measurement process and not the experimental layout.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1605.02303

Related papers

Multimode entanglement in reconfigurable graph states using optical frequency combs

Yin Cai, Jonathan Roslund, Giulia Ferrini +4 more

Multimode entanglement is an essential resource for quantum information processing and quantum metrology. However, multimode entangled states are generally constructed by targeting a specific graph configuration. This yields to a fixed experimental setup that therefore exhibits reduced versatility and scalability. Here we demonstrate an optical on-demand, reconfigurable multimode entangled state, using an intrinsically multimode quantum resource and a homodyne detection apparatus. Without altering either the initial squeezing source or experimental architecture, we realize the construction of thirteen cluster states of various sizes and connectivities as well as the implementation of a secret sharing protocol. In particular, this system enables the interrogation of quantum correlations and fluctuations for any multimode Gaussian state. This initiates an avenue for implementing on-demand quantum information processing by only adapting the measurement process and not the experimental layout.

Nature Communications•Jun 6, 2017•232 citations

Simulating quantum optical networks with ultrafast pulse shaping

Yin Cai, Jonathan Roslund, Claude Fabre +1 more

Entanglement is an essential resource at the heart of quantum information processing and quantum metrology. Moreover, multimode entanglement is necessary for the fabrication of complex quantum networks, in which entanglement is distributed among several quantum modes. The nodes of the network are made from quantum modes, which are the fundamental information carriers, and these nodes are interconnected by a series of channels through which the information flows. Multimode entanglement is traditionally viewed as many-body correlations, in which the nodes are spatially separated and can be measured individually. In our multimode resource, all of the modes travel together within a single laser beam [1]. This co-propagation of modes enables us to construct on-demand quantum networks via arbitrary shaping within the measurement process.

European Quantum Electronics Conference (EQEC)•Jun 21, 2015•0 citations

Parallel Construction of Cluster States From Quantum Frequency Combs via Multipixel Homodyne Detection

Juan Li, P. Liu, Xing‐Hua Li +6 more

ABSTRACT Measurement‐based quantum computing relies on the preparation of large‐scale multipartite entanglement, typically realized through cluster states. Quantum frequency combs provide a naturally multimode platform for constructing such states, yet prior pulse‐shaping methods are inherently sequential, thereby hindering scalability and making the reconstructed state vulnerable to system drifts. Here, we address this limitation by developing a multipixel homodyne detection scheme that enables the parallel characterization of quantum noise across multiple frequency modes and the single‐step reconstruction of the full covariance matrix, ensuring high measurement stability independent of long‐term system drifts. In an eight‐mode quantum frequency comb system, we experimentally determine sixteen entangled bipartitions (out of 127 possible bipartitions) and extract three squeezed supermodes via eigenmode decomposition of the covariance matrix. Through constructing linear optical networks in classical post‐processing, these resources enable the deterministic construction of cluster states ranging from one‐dimensional chains based on supermodes to three‐dimensional topological graphs formed by bipartite entangled pairs. The synergy between the parallel measurement capability of multipixel homodyne detection and the scalability of quantum frequency combs provides a compact and versatile platform for large‐scale, reconfigurable quantum information processing.

Advanced Quantum Technologies•Mar 1, 2026•0 citations

Reconfigurable optical implementation of quantum complex networks

Johannes Nokkala, Francesco Arzani, Fernando Galve +5 more

Network theory has played a dominant role in understanding the structure of complex systems and their dynamics. Recently, quantum complex networks, i.e. collections of quantum systems arranged in a non-regular topology, have been theoretically explored leading to significant progress in a multitude of diverse contexts including, e.g., quantum transport, open quantum systems, quantum communication, extreme violation of local realism, and quantum gravity theories. Despite important progress in several quantum platforms, the implementation of complex networks with arbitrary topology in quantum experiments is still a demanding task, especially if we require both a significant size of the network and the capability of generating arbitrary topology—from regular to any kind of non-trivial structure—in a single setup. Here we propose an all optical and reconfigurable implementation of quantum complex networks. The experimental proposal is based on optical frequency combs, parametric processes, pulse shaping and multimode measurements allowing the arbitrary control of the number of the nodes (optical modes) and topology of the links (interactions between the modes) within the network. Moreover, we also show how to simulate quantum dynamics within the network combined with the ability to address its individual nodes. To demonstrate the versatility of these features, we discuss the implementation of two recently proposed probing techniques for quantum complex networks and structured environments.

arXiv:1708.08726•New Journal of Physics•Apr 9, 2018•64 citations

Quantum Networks with Optical Frequency Combs

Nicolas Treps, Clément Jacquard, Young-Sik Ra +4 more

The intrinsic multimode character of optical frequency combs is demonstrated to be an ideal candidate for multimode quantum information processing. Generation of on demand quantum networks and versatile mode-dependant non-gaussian operations are demonstrated.

Frontiers in Optics•Jan 1, 2016•0 citations

Observation of scalable, highly multimode entanglement in frequency combs with ultrafast pulse shaping

Jonathan Roslund, R. Medeiros de Araújo, Claude Fabre +1 more

Cluster states, in which entanglement is distributed amongst numerous parties, have attracted interest due to their role as a resource for measurement-based quantum computing. The traditional means for fabricating these highly-entangled states has been to sequentially combine the squeezed outputs from individual optical parametric oscillators (OPO) with a network of phase-shifters and beamsplitters. While successful, this approach demands an optical footprint commensurate with the dimensionality of the produced state. Within the continuous-variable regime, a promising alternative is to begin with a source that is intrinsically multimode. Toward that end, the frequency comb underlying femtosecond optical pulses contains upwards of ~ 105individual frequencies, which makes it an attractive starting point for the production of multipartite entanglement. This work demonstrates the ability of OPOs synchronously pumped by a femtosecond pulse train to create scalable, adaptable multipartite photonic states in a single beam while exploiting femtosecond pulse shaping to perform a complete state analysis.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•May 1, 2013•0 citations
Multimode entanglement is quintessential for the design and fabrication of quantum networks, which play a central role in quantum information processing and quantum metrology. However, an experimental setup is generally constructed with a specific network configuration in mind and therefore exhibits reduced versatility and scalability. The present work demonstrates an on-demand, reconfigurable quantum network simulator, using an intrinsically multimode quantum resource and a homodyne detection apparatus. Without altering either the initial squeezing source or experimen- tal architecture, we realize the construction of thirteen cluster states of various size and connectivity as well as the implementation of a secret sharing protocol. In particular, this simulator enables the interrogation of quantum correlations and fluctuations for a Gaussian quantum network. This initi- ates a new avenue for implementing on-demand quantum information processing by only adapting the measurement process and not the experimental layout.
Multimode entanglement is an essential resource for quantum information processing and quantum metrology. However, multimode entangled states are generally constructed by targeting a specific graph configuration. This yields to a fixed experimental setup that therefore exhibits reduced versatility and scalability. Here we demonstrate an optical on-demand, reconfigurable multimode entangled state, using an intrinsically multimode quantum resource and a homodyne detection apparatus. Without altering either the initial squeezing source or experimental architecture, we realize the construction of thirteen cluster states of various sizes and connectivities as well as the implementation of a secret sharing protocol. In particular, this system enables the interrogation of quantum correlations and fluctuations for any multimode Gaussian state. This initiates an avenue for implementing on-demand quantum information processing by only adapting the measurement process and not the experimental layout.
Entanglement is an essential resource at the heart of quantum information processing and quantum metrology. Moreover, multimode entanglement is necessary for the fabrication of complex quantum networks, in which entanglement is distributed among several quantum modes. The nodes of the network are made from quantum modes, which are the fundamental information carriers, and these nodes are interconnected by a series of channels through which the information flows. Multimode entanglement is traditionally viewed as many-body correlations, in which the nodes are spatially separated and can be measured individually. In our multimode resource, all of the modes travel together within a single laser beam [1]. This co-propagation of modes enables us to construct on-demand quantum networks via arbitrary shaping within the measurement process.
ABSTRACT Measurement‐based quantum computing relies on the preparation of large‐scale multipartite entanglement, typically realized through cluster states. Quantum frequency combs provide a naturally multimode platform for constructing such states, yet prior pulse‐shaping methods are inherently sequential, thereby hindering scalability and making the reconstructed state vulnerable to system drifts. Here, we address this limitation by developing a multipixel homodyne detection scheme that enables the parallel characterization of quantum noise across multiple frequency modes and the single‐step reconstruction of the full covariance matrix, ensuring high measurement stability independent of long‐term system drifts. In an eight‐mode quantum frequency comb system, we experimentally determine sixteen entangled bipartitions (out of 127 possible bipartitions) and extract three squeezed supermodes via eigenmode decomposition of the covariance matrix. Through constructing linear optical networks in classical post‐processing, these resources enable the deterministic construction of cluster states ranging from one‐dimensional chains based on supermodes to three‐dimensional topological graphs formed by bipartite entangled pairs. The synergy between the parallel measurement capability of multipixel homodyne detection and the scalability of quantum frequency combs provides a compact and versatile platform for large‐scale, reconfigurable quantum information processing.
Network theory has played a dominant role in understanding the structure of complex systems and their dynamics. Recently, quantum complex networks, i.e. collections of quantum systems arranged in a non-regular topology, have been theoretically explored leading to significant progress in a multitude of diverse contexts including, e.g., quantum transport, open quantum systems, quantum communication, extreme violation of local realism, and quantum gravity theories. Despite important progress in several quantum platforms, the implementation of complex networks with arbitrary topology in quantum experiments is still a demanding task, especially if we require both a significant size of the network and the capability of generating arbitrary topology—from regular to any kind of non-trivial structure—in a single setup. Here we propose an all optical and reconfigurable implementation of quantum complex networks. The experimental proposal is based on optical frequency combs, parametric processes, pulse shaping and multimode measurements allowing the arbitrary control of the number of the nodes (optical modes) and topology of the links (interactions between the modes) within the network. Moreover, we also show how to simulate quantum dynamics within the network combined with the ability to address its individual nodes. To demonstrate the versatility of these features, we discuss the implementation of two recently proposed probing techniques for quantum complex networks and structured environments.
Cluster states, in which entanglement is distributed amongst numerous parties, have attracted interest due to their role as a resource for measurement-based quantum computing. The traditional means for fabricating these highly-entangled states has been to sequentially combine the squeezed outputs from individual optical parametric oscillators (OPO) with a network of phase-shifters and beamsplitters. While successful, this approach demands an optical footprint commensurate with the dimensionality of the produced state. Within the continuous-variable regime, a promising alternative is to begin with a source that is intrinsically multimode. Toward that end, the frequency comb underlying femtosecond optical pulses contains upwards of ~ 105individual frequencies, which makes it an attractive starting point for the production of multipartite entanglement. This work demonstrates the ability of OPOs synchronously pumped by a femtosecond pulse train to create scalable, adaptable multipartite photonic states in a single beam while exploiting femtosecond pulse shaping to perform a complete state analysis.