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arXiv:1603.06108 · Physical Review A

Crosstalk-insensitive method for simultaneously coupling multiple pairs of resonators

Chui-Ping Yang, Qi-Ping Su, Shi‐Biao Zheng, Franco Nori

Published Apr 5, 2016• 23 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

In a circuit consisting of two or more resonators, the intercavity crosstalk is inevitable, which could create some problems, such as degrading the performance of quantum operations and the fidelity of various quantum states. The focus of this work is to propose a crosstalk-insensitive method for simultaneously coupling multiple pairs of resonators, which is important in large-scale quantum information processing and communication in a network consisting of resonators or cavities. In this work, we consider $2N$ resonators of different frequencies, which are coupled to a three-level quantum system (qutrit). By applying a strong pulse to the coupler qutrit, we show that an effective Hamiltonian can be constructed for simultaneously coupling multiple pairs of resonators. The main advantage of this proposal is that the effect of inter-resonator crosstalks is greatly suppressed by using resonators of different frequencies. In addition, by employing the qutrit-resonator dispersive interaction, the intermediate higher-energy level of the qutrit is virtually excited and thus decoherence from this level is suppressed. This effective Hamiltonian can be applied to implement quantum operations with photonic qubits distributed in different resonators. As one application of this Hamiltonian, we show how to simultaneously generate multiple Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs of photonic qubits distributed in $2N$ resonators. Numerical simulations show that it is feasible to prepare two high-fidelity EPR photonic pairs using a setup of four one-dimensional transmission line resonators coupled to a superconducting flux qutrit with current circuit QED technology.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.93.042307

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In a circuit consisting of two or more resonators, the intercavity crosstalk is inevitable, which could create some problems, such as degrading the performance of quantum operations and the fidelity of various quantum states. The focus of this work is to propose a crosstalk-insensitive method for simultaneously coupling multiple pairs of resonators, which is important in large-scale quantum information processing and communication in a network consisting of resonators or cavities. In this work, we consider 2N2N2N resonators of different frequencies, which are coupled to a three-level quantum system (qutrit). By applying a strong pulse to the coupler qutrit, we show that an effective Hamiltonian can be constructed for simultaneously coupling multiple pairs of resonators. The main advantage of this proposal is that the effect of inter-resonator crosstalks is greatly suppressed by using resonators of different frequencies. In addition, by employing the qutrit-resonator dispersive interaction, the intermediate higher-energy level of the qutrit is virtually excited and thus decoherence from this level is suppressed. This effective Hamiltonian can be applied to implement quantum operations with photonic qubits distributed in different resonators. As one application of this Hamiltonian, we show how to simultaneously generate multiple Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs of photonic qubits distributed in 2N2N2N resonators. Numerical simulations show that it is feasible to prepare two high-fidelity EPR photonic pairs using a setup of four one-dimensional transmission line resonators coupled to a superconducting flux qutrit with current circuit QED technology.
We propose a method for transferring quantum entangled states of two photonic cat-state qubits ( cqubits ) from two microwave cavities to the other two microwave cavities. This proposal is realized by using four microwave cavities coupled to a superconducting flux qutrit. Because of using four cavities with different frequencies, the inter-cavity crosstalk is significantly reduced. Since only one coupler qutrit is used, the circuit resource is minimized. The entanglement transfer is completed with a singlestep operation only, thus this proposal is quite simple. The third energy level of the coupler qutrit is not populated during the state transfer, therefore decoherence from the higher energy level is greatly suppressed. Our numerical simulations show that high-fidelity transfer of two- cqubit entangled states from two transmission line resonators to the other two transmission line resonators is feasible with current circuit QED technology. This proposal is universal and can be applied to accomplish the same task in a wide range of physical systems, such as four microwave or optical cavities, which are coupled to a natural or artificial three-level atom.
The generation and control of quantum states of spatially-separated qubits distributed in different cavities constitute fundamental tasks in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED). An interesting question in this context is how to prepare entanglement and realize quantum information transfer between qubits located at different cavities, which are important in large-scale quantum information processing. In this paper, we consider a physical system consisting of two cavities and three qubits. Two of the qubits are placed in two different cavities while the remaining one acts as a coupler, which is used to connect the two cavities. We propose an approach for generating quantum entanglement and implementing quantum information transfer between the two spatially-separated inter-cavity qubits. The quantum operations involved in this proposal are performed by a virtual photon process; thus the cavity decay is greatly suppressed during operations. In addition, to complete these tasks, only one coupler qubit and one operation step are needed. Moreover, there is no need to apply classical pulses, so that the engineering complexity is much reduced and the operation procedure is greatly simplified. Finally, our numerical results illustrate that high-fidelity implementation of this proposal using superconducting phase qubits and one-dimensional transmission line resonators is feasible for current circuit QED implementations. This proposal can also be applied to other types of superconducting qubits, including flux and charge qubits.
The transfer of quantum entangled states is of fundamental interest in quantum physics and plays an important role in quantum information processing, quantum communication, and quantum technology. Here, we propose a scheme to transfer quantum entangled states of two photonic qubits by utilizing four microwave cavities coupled to a superconducting qutrit (a three-level quantum system). The photonic qubits are encoded using two orthogonal eigenstates of the photon-number parity operator with eigenvalues ± 1, which allows for various encodings for the photonic qubits. The employment of four cavities at distinct frequencies effectively reduces the inter-cavity crosstalk. The utilization of only a single superconducting qutrit as the coupler significantly reduces the circuit resources. The entanglement transfer can be completed in just one step, making this scheme remarkably efficient. During the state transfer process, the third energy level of the coupler qutrit remains unoccupied, and thus decoherence from this level is diminished. Our numerical simulations demonstrate that within current circuit quantum electrodynamics technology, one can achieve high-fidelity transfer of the entangled states of two photonic qubits encoded via squeezed vacuum states and cat states. Our scheme possesses generality and can be applied to accomplish the same task in a variety of physical systems.
In recent years, cat-state encoding and high-dimensional entanglement have attracted much attention. However, previous works are limited to generation of entangled states of cat-state qubits (two-dimensional entanglement with cat-state encoding), while how to prepare entangled states of cat-state qutrits or qudits (high-dimensional entanglement with cat-state encoding) has not been investigated. We here propose to generate a maximally-entangled state of multiple cat-state qutrits (three-dimensional entanglement by cat-state encoding) in circuit QED. The entangled state is prepared with multiple microwave cavities coupled to a superconducting flux ququart (a four-level quantum system). This proposal operates essentially by the cavity-qutrit dispersive interaction. The circuit hardware resource is minimized because only a coupler ququart is employed. The higher intermediate level of the ququart is occupied only for a short time, thereby decoherence from this level is greatly suppressed during the state preparation. Remarkably, the state preparation time does not depend on the number of the qutrits, thus it does not increase with the number of the qutrits. As an example, our numerical simulations demonstrate that, with the present circuit QED technology, the high-fidelity preparation is feasible for a maximally-entangled state of two cat-state qutrits. Furthermore, we numerically analyze the effect of the inter-cavity crosstalk on the scalability of this proposal. This proposal is universal and can be extended to accomplish the same task with multiple microwave or optical cavities coupled to a natural or artificial four-level atom.
Important tasks in cavity quantum electrodynamics include the generation and control of quantum states of spatially separated particles distributed in different cavities. An interesting question in this context is how to prepare entanglement among particles located in different cavities, which are important for large-scale quantum information processing. We here consider a multi-cavity system where cavities are coupled to a superconducting (SC) qubit and each cavity hosts many SC qubits. We show that all intra-cavity SC qubits plus the coupler SC qubit can be prepared in an entangled Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state, by using a single operation and without the need of measurements. The GHZ state is created without exciting the cavity modes; thus greatly suppressing the decoherence caused by the cavity-photon decay and the effect of unwanted inter-cavity crosstalk on the operation. We also introduce two simple methods for entangling the intra-cavity SC qubits in a GHZ state. As an example, our numerical simulations show that it is feasible, with current circuit-QED technology, to prepare high-fidelity GHZ states, for up to nine SC qubits by using SC qubits distributed in two cavities. This proposal can in principle be used to implement a GHZ state for an arbitrary number of SC qubits distributed in multiple cavities. The proposal is quite general and can be applied to a wide range of physical systems, with the intra-cavity qubits being either atoms, NV centers, quantum dots, or various SC qubits.
We discuss how to generate entangled coherent states of four microwave resonators (a.k.a. cavities) coupled by a three-level superconducting device (qutrit). We also show that a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state of four superconducting qubits embedded in four different resonators can be created with this scheme. In principle, the proposed method can be extended to create an entangled coherent state of nnn resonators and to prepare a (GHZ) state of nnn qubits distributed over nnn cavities in a quantum network. In addition, it is noted that four resonators coupled by a coupler qutrit may be used as a basic circuit block to build a two-dimensional quantum network, which is useful for scalable quantum information processing.