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arXiv:1506.08635 · Physical Review A

Squeezing and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlation in the mirrorless optical parametric oscillator

A. Gatti, T. Corti, E. Brambilla

Published Jul 11, 2017• 9 citations
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Abstract

This work analyses the quantum properties of counterpropagating twin beams generated by a mirrorless optical parametric oscillator in the continuous-variable regime. Despite the lack of the filtering effect of a cavity, we show that in the vicinity of its threshold it may generate high levels of narrowband squeezing and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlation, completely comparable to what can be obtained in standard optical parametric oscillators.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.96.013820

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This work analyses the quantum properties of counterpropagating twin beams generated by a mirrorless optical parametric oscillator in the continuous-variable regime. Despite the lack of the filtering effect of a cavity, we show that in the vicinity of its threshold it may generate high levels of narrowband squeezing and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlation, completely comparable to what can be obtained in standard optical parametric oscillators.
This work describes the continuous variable entanglement of the counter-propagating twin beams generated in a Mirrorless Optical Parametric Oscillator (MOPO) below threshold, encompassing both their quadrature and photon-number correlation. In the first case, a comparison with the single-pass co-propagating geometry outlines a completely different stability of the two sources with respect to the phase-angle. In the second case, stimulated by the critical divergence of the correlation time evidenced by Corti et al., we address the issue of the temporal bandwidth of the intensity squeezing.
We investigate time-dependent properties of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) light beams generated in a nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator (NOPO) driven by a sequence of laser pulses with Gaussian time-dependent envelopes. This investigation continues our previous analysis [H. H. Adamyan and G. Yu. Kryuchkyan, Phys. Rev. A 74, 023810 (2006)] and involves problems of two-mode quadrature squeezing as well as intensity-difference squeezing in the time domain. The peculiarities of EPR beams are also discussed in the framework of phase-space quantum distributions. Two kinds of non-Gaussian Wigner functions, for the reduced one-mode state of periodically pulsed NOPO and for EPR beams which are combined on a one-half beam splitter are calculated numerically. We also investigate the Wigner functions of intensity-correlated twin beams following the conditional photon state-preparation scheme. It is demonstrated that the Wigner functions involve negative values in parts of the phase space for the schemes with one, two, and three photons.
We study theoretically and experimentally the quantum properties of a type-II frequency-degenerate optical parametric oscillator below threshold with a quarter-wave plate inserted inside the cavity which induces a linear coupling between the orthogonally polarized signal and idler fields. This original device provides a good insight into general properties of two-mode Gaussian states, illustrated in terms of the covariance matrix. We report on the experimental generation of a two-mode squeezed vacuum on nonorthogonal quadratures depending on the plate angle. After a simple operation, the entanglement is maximized and put into standard form, i.e., quantum correlations and anticorrelations on orthogonal quadratures. A half sum of squeezed variances as low as $0.33\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$, well below the unit limit for inseparability, is obtained and the entanglement measured by the entropy of formation.
This work analyzes the temporal coherence and correlation of twin beams generated in a quasi-phase-matched nonlinear crystal in a counterpropagating configuration, ranging from the low-gain regime, where counterpropagating photon pairs are generated spontaneously, to the regime of stimulated pair production, close to the mirrorless optical parametric oscillator threshold. Here, we show a critical divergence of the correlation time and slowing down of quantum fluctuations originating from the feedback mechanism responsible for the MOPO threshold.
We report on the experimental demonstration of strong quadrature Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement and squeezing at very low noise sideband frequencies produced by a single type-II, self-phase-locked, frequency degenerate optical parametric oscillator below threshold. The generated two-mode squeezed vacuum state is preserved for noise frequencies as low as 50kHz50\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}50kHz. Designing simple setups able to generate nonclassical states of light in the kHz regime is a key challenge for high sensitivity detection of ultraweak physical effects such as gravitational wave or small beam displacement.