Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1505.03423 · Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Cross-phase modulation enhancement via a resonating cavity: semiclassical description

Julián Martínez-Rincón, John C. Howell

Published May 18, 2016• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We evaluate the advantages of performing cross-phase modulation (XPM) on a very-far-off-resonance atomic system. We consider a ladder system with a weak (few-photon level) control coherent field imparting a conditional nonlinear phase shift on a probe beam. We find that by coupling to an optical resonator, the optimal XPM is enhanced proportional to the finesse of the resonator by a factor of F/4π. We present a semiclassical description of the system and show that the phenomenon is optimal in the self-defined condition of off-resonance effective cooperativity equal to one.

DOI
10.1364/josab.33.001225

Related papers

Enhancement of Cross Phase Modulation Via a Resonating Cavity: Semiclassical Description

Julián Martínez-Rincón, John C. Howell

We present a semi-classical description of cavity-based cross phase modulation in a ladder atomic system. Very large single-photon detuning is required and enhancement proportional to the finesse of the resonator is found. This approach overcomes most problems present on other protocols and has a self-defined far-off-resonance effective cooperativity of unity.

Frontiers in Optics•Jan 1, 2015•0 citations

Cross-phase modulation between pulse matched lights in optical loop system

Bongjune Kim, Hoonsoo Kang

We observed conditional cross-phase modulation (C-XPM) applicable to quantum phase gate. Combinations of two probe field’s polarizations conditioned XPM of two probe fields in the corresponding nonlinear optical system. With optimized parameters of multi-photon transition, we could increase C-XPM more than 1 rad. with small probe absorption. Group velocity matching ratio between probe pulses was estimated to 1.2 in the optical loop system. Because multi-photon interference depends on the ratio between the Rabi frequencies of the probe fields, not the individual intensity, we expect the same phase shift between few photons level’s probe pulses in our scheme.

Optics Communications•Dec 8, 2021•2 citations

Large conditional single-photon cross-phase modulation

Kristin M. Beck, Mahdi Hosseini, Yiheng Duan +1 more

Deterministic optical quantum logic requires a nonlinear quantum process that alters the phase of a quantum optical state by π through interaction with only one photon. Here, we demonstrate a large conditional cross-phase modulation between a signal field, stored inside an atomic quantum memory, and a control photon that traverses a high-finesse optical cavity containing the atomic memory. This approach avoids fundamental limitations associated with multimode effects for traveling optical photons. We measure a conditional cross-phase shift of [Formula: see text] (and up to [Formula: see text] by postselection on photons that remain in the system longer than average) between the retrieved signal and control photons, and confirm deterministic entanglement between the signal and control modes by extracting a positive concurrence. By upgrading to a state-of-the-art cavity, our system can reach a coherent phase shift of π at low loss, enabling deterministic and universal photonic quantum logic.

arXiv:1512.02166•Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences•Aug 12, 2016•83 citations

Large Cross-Phase Modulations at the Few-Photon Level

Ziyu Liu, Yi‐Hsin Chen, Yen-Chun Chen +5 more

We demonstrate an efficient cross-phase modulation (XPM) based on a closed-loop double-Λ system. The property of the double-Λ medium can be controlled by changing the phases of the applied optical fields. This phase-dependent XPM scheme can achieve large phase modulations at low-light intensities without requiring cavities or tightly focusing laser beams. With this scheme, we observe a π-level phase shift with two pulses, both consisting of eight photons in cold rubidium atoms. Such a novel scheme provides a simple route to generate strong interactions between photons and may have potential applications in all-optical quantum signal processing.

arXiv:1607.00818•Physical Review Letters•Nov 7, 2016•75 citations

EIT-assisted large cross-Kerr nonlinearity in a four-level inverted-Y atomic system

J. Kou, Ren-Gang Wan, Zhijun Kang +5 more

A four-level inverted-Y scheme with an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) core is investigated for the enhancement of cross-Kerr effect in rubidium atoms. When detunings of the coupling and control fields are appropriately set, an enhanced EIT window is observed, and the induced phase shift of the probe field due to cross-phase modulation (XPM) is obtained by measuring the dispersive property of the probe transition. The maximal XPM phase shift is about 12° under the current experimental conditions. The experimental measurements agree well with the theoretical calculations. The enhanced XPM phase shift in such an atomic system has applications in quantum nonlinear optics and quantum information science.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Sep 16, 2010•43 citations

Nonlinear Optics at Ultralow Power using Metastable Xenon in a High Finesse Cavity

Garrett Hickman

Single-photon cross phase shifts and other single-photon nonlinearities have numerous applications in all-optical quantum information processing. Generating these nonlinearities though can be difficult. This has been done previously using sophisticated experiment setups, for instance using cold atoms optically trapped within the field mode of a high-finesse cavity. Several groups have experimentally achieved single-photon phase shifts on the order of ? using these systems. However, nonlinearities weaker than this have important applications as well. In this work we introduce and demonstrate the idea of using metastable xenon gas in a high-finesse cavity to produce weak single-photon nonlinearities. Our system is relatively simple and robust, avoids problems associated with the accumulation of alkali atoms on mirror surfaces, and is capable of approaching the strong coupling regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics. It can compete with the performance of state-of-the-art cavity systems up to a single-atom cooperativity of roughly ? ? 1. Beyond this, the effects of atomic motion begin to play a larger role and improving the system performance becomes more difficult. After a brief introduction to the use of optical cavities and the spectroscopic properties of metastable xenon, we demonstrate the feasibility of our approach by reviewing two proof-of-principle demonstrations performed in our lab. In these experiments, we measured absorption saturation and cross-phase modulation using a cavity of moderately high finesse F = 3,000. We found that nonlinear effects occurred at ultralow input power levels, proving that the presence of the cavity strongly enhanced the inherent optical nonlinearity of metastable xenon. We close by reviewing our recent progress in building an improved cavity system, which is expected to produce enhanced single photon cross phase shifts.

•Jan 1, 2017•0 citations
We evaluate the advantages of performing cross-phase modulation (XPM) on a very-far-off-resonance atomic system. We consider a ladder system with a weak (few-photon level) control coherent field imparting a conditional nonlinear phase shift on a probe beam. We find that by coupling to an optical resonator, the optimal XPM is enhanced proportional to the finesse of the resonator by a factor of F/4π. We present a semiclassical description of the system and show that the phenomenon is optimal in the self-defined condition of off-resonance effective cooperativity equal to one.
We observed conditional cross-phase modulation (C-XPM) applicable to quantum phase gate. Combinations of two probe field’s polarizations conditioned XPM of two probe fields in the corresponding nonlinear optical system. With optimized parameters of multi-photon transition, we could increase C-XPM more than 1 rad. with small probe absorption. Group velocity matching ratio between probe pulses was estimated to 1.2 in the optical loop system. Because multi-photon interference depends on the ratio between the Rabi frequencies of the probe fields, not the individual intensity, we expect the same phase shift between few photons level’s probe pulses in our scheme.
Deterministic optical quantum logic requires a nonlinear quantum process that alters the phase of a quantum optical state by π through interaction with only one photon. Here, we demonstrate a large conditional cross-phase modulation between a signal field, stored inside an atomic quantum memory, and a control photon that traverses a high-finesse optical cavity containing the atomic memory. This approach avoids fundamental limitations associated with multimode effects for traveling optical photons. We measure a conditional cross-phase shift of [Formula: see text] (and up to [Formula: see text] by postselection on photons that remain in the system longer than average) between the retrieved signal and control photons, and confirm deterministic entanglement between the signal and control modes by extracting a positive concurrence. By upgrading to a state-of-the-art cavity, our system can reach a coherent phase shift of π at low loss, enabling deterministic and universal photonic quantum logic.
We demonstrate an efficient cross-phase modulation (XPM) based on a closed-loop double-Λ system. The property of the double-Λ medium can be controlled by changing the phases of the applied optical fields. This phase-dependent XPM scheme can achieve large phase modulations at low-light intensities without requiring cavities or tightly focusing laser beams. With this scheme, we observe a π-level phase shift with two pulses, both consisting of eight photons in cold rubidium atoms. Such a novel scheme provides a simple route to generate strong interactions between photons and may have potential applications in all-optical quantum signal processing.
A four-level inverted-Y scheme with an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) core is investigated for the enhancement of cross-Kerr effect in rubidium atoms. When detunings of the coupling and control fields are appropriately set, an enhanced EIT window is observed, and the induced phase shift of the probe field due to cross-phase modulation (XPM) is obtained by measuring the dispersive property of the probe transition. The maximal XPM phase shift is about 12° under the current experimental conditions. The experimental measurements agree well with the theoretical calculations. The enhanced XPM phase shift in such an atomic system has applications in quantum nonlinear optics and quantum information science.
Single-photon cross phase shifts and other single-photon nonlinearities have numerous applications in all-optical quantum information processing. Generating these nonlinearities though can be difficult. This has been done previously using sophisticated experiment setups, for instance using cold atoms optically trapped within the field mode of a high-finesse cavity. Several groups have experimentally achieved single-photon phase shifts on the order of ? using these systems. However, nonlinearities weaker than this have important applications as well. In this work we introduce and demonstrate the idea of using metastable xenon gas in a high-finesse cavity to produce weak single-photon nonlinearities. Our system is relatively simple and robust, avoids problems associated with the accumulation of alkali atoms on mirror surfaces, and is capable of approaching the strong coupling regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics. It can compete with the performance of state-of-the-art cavity systems up to a single-atom cooperativity of roughly ? ? 1. Beyond this, the effects of atomic motion begin to play a larger role and improving the system performance becomes more difficult. After a brief introduction to the use of optical cavities and the spectroscopic properties of metastable xenon, we demonstrate the feasibility of our approach by reviewing two proof-of-principle demonstrations performed in our lab. In these experiments, we measured absorption saturation and cross-phase modulation using a cavity of moderately high finesse F = 3,000. We found that nonlinear effects occurred at ultralow input power levels, proving that the presence of the cavity strongly enhanced the inherent optical nonlinearity of metastable xenon. We close by reviewing our recent progress in building an improved cavity system, which is expected to produce enhanced single photon cross phase shifts.