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arXiv:1504.02862 · Quantum Information and Computation

Coherence measures and optimal conversion for coherent states

Shuanping Du, Zhaofang Bai, Xiaofei Qi

Published Nov 1, 2015• 83 citations
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Abstract

We discuss a general strategy to construct coherence measures. One can build an important class of coherence measures which cover the relative entropy measure for pure states, the l1-norm measure for pure states and the α-entropy measure. The optimal conversion of coherent states under incoherent operations is presented which sheds some light on the coherence of a single copy of a pure state.

DOI
10.26421/qic15.15-16-3

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We discuss a general strategy to construct coherence measures. One can build an important class of coherence measures which cover the relative entropy measure for pure states, the l1-norm measure for pure states and the α-entropy measure. The optimal conversion of coherent states under incoherent operations is presented which sheds some light on the coherence of a single copy of a pure state.
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We build the counterpart of the celebrated Nielsen's theorem for coherence manipulation in this paper. This offers an affirmative answer to the open question: whether, given two states ρ\rhoρ and σ\sigmaσ, either ρ\rhoρ can be transformed into σ\sigmaσ or vice versa under incoherent operations [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{113}, 140401(2014)]. As a consequence, we find that there exist essentially different types of coherence. Moreover, incoherent operations can be enhanced in the presence of certain coherent states. These extra states are coherent catalysts: they allow uncertain incoherent operations to be realized, without being consumed in any way. Our main result also sheds a new light on the construction of coherence measures.
Coherence is the most fundamental quantum feature of the nonclassical systems. The understanding of coherence within the resource theory has been attracting increasing interest among which the quantification of coherence is an essential ingredient. A satisfactory measure should meet certain standard criteria. It seems that the most crucial criterion should be the strong monotonicity, that is, average coherence doesn't increase under the (sub-selective) incoherent operations. Recently, the Tsallis relative α entropy has been tried to quantify the coherence. But it was shown to violate the strong monotonicity, even though it can unambiguously distinguish the coherent and the incoherent states with the monotonicity. Here we establish a family of coherence quantifiers which are closely related to the Tsallis relative α entropy. It proves that this family of quantifiers satisfy all the standard criteria and particularly cover several typical coherence measures.
Quantifying coherence is an essential endeavor for both quantum mechanical foundations and quantum technologies. We present a bona fide measure of quantum coherence by utilizing the Tsallis relative operator (α,β)-entropy. We first prove that the proposed coherence measure fulfills all the criteria of a well defined coherence measure, including the strong monotonicity in the resource theories of quantum coherence. We then study the ordering of the Tsallis relative operator (α,β)-entropy of coherence, Tsallis relative α-entropies of coherence, Rényi α-entropy of coherence and l1 norm of coherence for both pure and mixed qubit states. This provides a new method for defining new coherence measure and entanglement measure, and also provides a new idea for further study of quantum coherence.
We study partial coherence and its connection with entanglement. First, we provide a sufficient and necessary condition for bipartite pure-state transformation under partially incoherent operations: A bipartite pure state can be transformed to another one if and only if a majorization relationship holds between their partial coherence vectors. As a consequence, we introduce the concept of maximal partial coherent states in the sense that they can be used to construct any bipartite state of the same system via partial incoherent operations. Second, we provide a strategy to construct measures of partial coherence by use of symmetric concave functions. Third, we establish the relationship between partial coherence and entanglement. We show that the minimal partial coherence under local unitary transformations is also a measure of entanglement for bipartite pure states, which can be extended to all mixed states by convex-roof extension. Conversely, every entanglement measure can be constructed as a partial coherence measure, and we further show that partial coherence measures are induced through maximal entanglement under partially incoherent operations for bipartite pure states.