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arXiv:1503.05470 · Physical Review A

Large dynamic light-matter entanglement from driving neither too fast nor too slow

Oscar L. Acevedo, Luis Quiroga, Ferney J. Rodríguez, N. F. Johnson

Published Sep 29, 2015• 8 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

A significant problem facing next-generation quantum technologies is how to generate and manipulate macroscopic entanglement in light and matter systems. Here we report a regime of dynamical light-matter behavior in which a giant, system-wide entanglement is generated by varying the light-matter coupling at intermediate velocities. This enhancement is far larger, broader ranged, and more experimentally accessible than that occurring near the quantum phase transition of the same model under adiabatic conditions. By appropriate choices of the coupling within this intermediate regime, the enhanced entanglement can be made to spread system-wide or to reside in each subsystem separately.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.92.032330

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A significant problem facing next-generation quantum technologies is how to generate and manipulate macroscopic entanglement in light and matter systems. Here we report a regime of dynamical light-matter behavior in which a giant, system-wide entanglement is generated by varying the light-matter coupling at intermediate velocities. This enhancement is far larger, broader ranged, and more experimentally accessible than that occurring near the quantum phase transition of the same model under adiabatic conditions. By appropriate choices of the coupling within this intermediate regime, the enhanced entanglement can be made to spread system-wide or to reside in each subsystem separately.
Abstract The ability to modify light−matter coupling in time (e.g. using external pulses) opens up the exciting possibility of generating and probing new aspects of quantum correlations in many-body light–matter systems. Here we study the impact of such a pulsed coupling on the light–matter entanglement in the Dicke model as well as the respective subsystem quantum dynamics. Our dynamical many-body analysis exploits the natural partition between the radiation and matter degrees of freedom, allowing us to explore time-dependent intra-subsystem quantum correlations by means of squeezing parameters, and the inter-subsystem Schmidt gap for different pulse duration (i.e. ramping velocity) regimes—from the near adiabatic to the sudden quench limits. Our results reveal that both types of quantities indicate the emergence of the superradiant phase when crossing the quantum critical point. In addition, at the end of the pulse light and matter remain entangled even though they become uncoupled, which could be exploited to generate entangled states in non-interacting systems.
High precision macroscopic quantum control in interacting light–matter systems remains a significant goal toward novel information processing and ultra-precise metrology. We show that the out-of-equilibrium behavior of a paradigmatic light–matter system (Dicke model) reveals two successive stages of enhanced quantum correlations beyond the traditional schemes of near-adiabatic and sudden quenches. The first stage features magnification of matter-only and light-only entanglement and squeezing due to effective nonlinear self-interactions. The second stage results from a highly entangled light–matter state, with enhanced superradiance and signatures of chaotic and highly quantum states. We show that these new effects scale up consistently with matter system size, and are reliable even in dissipative environments.
We investigate the non-equilibrium quantum dynamics of a canonical light–matter system—namely, the Dicke model—when the light–matter interaction is ramped up and down through a cycle across the quantum phase transition. Our calculations reveal a rich set of dynamical behaviors determined by the cycle times, ranging from the slow, near adiabatic regime through to the fast, sudden quench regime. As the cycle time decreases, we uncover a crossover from an oscillatory exchange of quantum information between light and matter that approaches a reversible adiabatic process, to a dispersive regime that generates large values of light–matter entanglement. The phenomena uncovered in this work have implications in quantum control, quantum interferometry, as well as in quantum information theory.
Abstract Light-matter interactions are an established field that is experiencing a renaissance in recent years due to the introduction of exotic coupling regimes. These include the ultrastrong and deep-strong coupling regimes, where the coupling constant is smaller and of the order of the frequency of the light mode, or larger than this frequency, respectively. In the past few years, quantum simulations of light-matter interactions in all possible coupling regimes have been proposed and experimentally realized, in quantum platforms such as trapped ions, superconducting circuits, cold atoms, and quantum photonics. We review this fledgling field, illustrating the benefits and challenges of the quantum simulations of light-matter interactions with quantum technologies.
Entanglement between light and matter has garnered significant interest for wide-ranging applications in quantum technology. However, weak interactions hinder the generation of entanglement. Here, we propose a scheme to achieve bipartite entanglement through superradiant excitation. The optomechanical entanglement exhibits behavior similar to the critical coupling value of superradiant phase transition. We investigate the effects of critical coupling related parameters, such as effective cavity detuning and cavity dissipation, on entanglement. Notably, strong entanglement can be generated even in the unresolved sideband regime. Increasing the number of atoms can reduce the collective coupling strength required to generate entanglement. Additionally, the entanglement is robust against temperature. Our scheme may provide a degree of freedom to manipulate the entanglement driven by superradiance. Our findings may provide a way to enhance the light-matter interaction via atomic assistance, which may be useful for quantum sensing and quantum information.
Quantum Systems Quantum entanglement occurs when two separate entities become strongly linked in a way that cannot be explained by classical physics; it is a powerful resource in quantum communication protocols and advanced technologies that aim to exploit the enhanced capabilities of quantum systems. To date, entanglement has generally been limited to microscopic quantum units such as pairs or multiples of single ions, atoms, photons, and so on. Kotler et al. and Mercier de Lepinay et al. demonstrate the ability to extend quantum entanglement to massive macroscopic systems (see the Perspective by Lau and Clerk). Entanglement of two mechanical oscillators on such a large length and mass scale is expected to find widespread use in both applications and fundamental physics to probe the boundary between the classical and quantum worlds. Science , this issue p. [622][1], p. [625][2]; see also p. [570][3] [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.abf2998 [2]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.abf5389 [3]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.abh3419