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arXiv:1501.00898 · Physical Review B

Two-color photon correlations of the light scattered by a quantum dot

M. Peiris, Benjamin Petrak, Kumarasiri Konthasinghe, Y. Yu, Zhichuan Niu, Andreas Müller

Published May 18, 2015• 83 citations
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Abstract

Two-color second-order correlations of the light scattered near-resonantly by a quantum dot were measured by means of spectrally filtered coincidence detection. The effects of filter frequency and bandwidth were studied under monochromatic laser excitation, and a complete two-photon spectrum was reconstructed. The two-photon spectrum exhibits a rich structure associated with both real and virtual two-photon transitions down the ``dressed states'' ladder. Photon pairs generated via virtual transitions are found to violate the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality by a factor of 60. Our experiments are well described by the theoretical expressions obtained by del Valle et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 183601 (2012)] via time- and normally-ordered correlation functions.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.91.195125

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We report on resonant light scattering experiments in which a single InAs quantum dot is exposed to two independently tunable continuous-wave lasers while the scattered light is analyzed background free, with high spectral and temporal resolution. In contrast to the well-known monochromatic case exhibiting Rabi oscillations, in this bichromatic case the additional field introduces oscillations at half the difference of the laser frequencies and harmonics thereof, persisting beyond the natural lifetime. The familiar ``dressed-states'' ladder now contains an infinite number of levels per manifold. With suitable averaging, the rich resulting spectra and second-order correlations can be reproduced accurately using the Bloch equations and the quantum regression theorem.
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We apply our recently developed theory of frequency-filtered and time-resolved N -photon correlations (del Valle et al 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 183601) to study the two-photon spectra of a variety of systems of increasing complexity: single-mode emitters with two limiting statistics (one harmonic oscillator or a two-level system) and the various combinations that arise from their coupling. We consider both the linear and nonlinear regimes under incoherent excitation. We find that even the simplest systems display a rich dynamics of emission, not accessible by simple single-photon spectroscopy. In the strong coupling regime, two-photon emission processes involving virtual states are revealed. Furthermore, two general results are unravelled by two-photon correlations with narrow linewidth detectors: (i) filtering-induced bunching and (ii) breakdown of the semi-classical theory. We show how to overcome the latter in a fully quantized picture.