Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1406.2156 · Physical Review A

Three-dimensional atom localization by laser fields in a four-level tripod system

Vladimir S. Ivanov, Yu. Rozhdestvensky, Kalle‐Antti Suominen

Published Dec 1, 2014• 81 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We present a scheme for high-precision three-dimensional (3D) localization by the measurement of the atomic-level population. The scheme is applied to a four-level tripod-type atom coupled by three strong standing waves and a probe running wave. As a result, the atom can be localized in volumes that are substantially smaller than a cubic optical wavelength, which is achieved by the increase of standing-wave intensities. The upper-level distribution depends crucially on the atom-field coupling and it forms 3D periodic structures composed of spheres, hourglasses, bowls, donuts, or deformed barrels.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.90.063802

Related papers

Two-dimensional atom localization in a four-level tripod system in laser fields

Vladimir S. Ivanov, Yu. Rozhdestvensky

We propose a scheme for two-dimensional (2D) atom localization in a four-level tripod system under an influence of two orthogonal standing-wave fields. Position information of the atom is retained in the atomic internal states by an additional probe field either of a standing or of a running wave. It is shown that the localization factors depend crucially on the atom-field coupling that results in such spatial structures of populations as spikes, craters, and waves. We demonstrate a high-precision localization due to measurement of population in the upper state or in any ground state.

arXiv:1209.3133•Physical Review A•Mar 8, 2010•157 citations

Precision in two-and three-dimensional atom localization via detuning and phase shifts using four-level tripod atomic system

Abdul Wahab, Akhtar Munir

The high-precision position measurement scheme of a single atom in two-dimensions and three-dimensions is investigated in a four-level tripod-type system. The atom interacts with the two orthogonal standing wave fields (OSWFs) and three OSWFs for two- and three-dimensional (2D, 3D) atom localization. The high-precision position of the atom is observed by adjusting the suitable system parameters. We achieve a high-precision single localized peak in the 2D plane and a single localized sphere smaller than the cubic optical wavelength in 3D volume space. We also see the impact of the Doppler shift on atom localization in 2D and 3D. We show that the Doppler shift dramatically deteriorates the precision of spatial information. The proposed high-precision atom localization scheme has applications in laser cooling and Bose–Einstein condensation phenomena.

Canadian Journal of Physics•Jul 8, 2020•5 citations

Three-dimensional atom localization from spatial interference in a double two-level atomic system

Zhonghu Zhu, Wen‐Xing Yang, Xiao-Tao Xie +3 more

We propose a efficient scheme for high-precision three-dimensional (3D) atom localization via spatial interference in a generic double two-level atomic system driven by a weak probe field and three mutually perpendicular standing-wave fields. Because the spatial interference originates from the position-dependent atom-field interaction, the position information of the atom can be obtained by the measurement of the atom population. We find that the precision of 3D atom localization in volumes depends sensitively on the frequency detuning and the phase shifts associated with the standing-wave fields. Interestingly enough, we show that adjusting the frequency detuning and phase shifts can lead to a redistribution of the atoms and a significant change in the visibility of the interference pattern. As a result, the atom can be localized in volumes that are substantially smaller than a cubic optical wavelength.

Physical Review A•Jul 13, 2016•52 citations

Phase control of three-dimensional atom localization in a four-level atomic system in Lambda configuration

Hamid Reza Hamedi, Mohammad Reza Mehmannavaz

A scheme of phase-sensitive three-dimensional atom localization (3DAL) is presented based on absorption measurement of the weak probe field in a driven four-level Λ-type atomic system with twofold lower levels in which the atom interacts with three orthogonal standing wave fields. Because of the space-dependent coupling of the atom field in three dimensions, the position probability distribution of the passer atom through the standing wave fields can be straightforwardly assessed by gauging the resultant absorption spectra. It is found that, by appropriately tuning the system parameters, various 3D periodic isosurface patterns of localization including polyhedrons, waves, cylinders, diamonds, lattices, bowling pins, tetrahedrons, cubes, and spheres can be formed and the high-precision and high-resolution 3DAL can be manipulated. Because of the closed-loop structure in this atomic system, the probe absorption is dependent on the relative phase of applied fields. The phase dependence of 3DAL in also discussed.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Dec 15, 2015•21 citations

Three-dimensional atom localization in a five-level M-type atomic system

Yihong Qi, Fengxue Zhou, Ting Huang +2 more

By using three mutually perpendicular standing-wave fields, we propose a scheme for three-dimensional (3D) subwavelength atom localization in a five-level M-type atomic system. Based on the electromagnetically induced transparency, position probability distribution of the atom in 3D space could be determined via measuring the probe absorption which is proportional to the filter function. It is shown that patterns of 3D atom localization depends sensitively on the coupling schemes of the standing-wave fields. When the standing-wave fields couple three different transitions, the same atom localization patterns are formed in the eight subspaces of the 3D space. While all the standing-wave fields are applied on one transition, we can realize different atom localization patterns in the eight subspaces. From the view of the xy plane, various symmetric or asymmetric atom localization patterns could be formed at different z positions by adjusting the parameters of the laser fields.

Journal of Modern Optics•Jun 21, 2012•59 citations

Dressed-state analysis of efficient three-dimensional atom localization in a ladder-type three-level atomic system

Zhonghu Zhu, Wen‐Xing Yang, Ai-Xi Chen +2 more

Abstract We study the control of high-precision three-dimensional (3D) atom localization by measuring the population of the excited state in a ladder-type three-level atomic system driven by a weak probe field and a control field, together with three mutually perpendicular standing-wave fields. We find that the precision of 3D atom localization in volumes depends sensitively on the frequency detuning of the probe field and the intensity of the control field. Most importantly, we show that adjusting the phase shifts associated with the standing-wave fields leads to a redistribution of the atoms and a significant change of the atomic coherence, so that the atom can be localized in volumes that are substantially smaller than a cubic optical wavelength.

Laser Physics•Jun 22, 2016•6 citations
We present a scheme for high-precision three-dimensional (3D) localization by the measurement of the atomic-level population. The scheme is applied to a four-level tripod-type atom coupled by three strong standing waves and a probe running wave. As a result, the atom can be localized in volumes that are substantially smaller than a cubic optical wavelength, which is achieved by the increase of standing-wave intensities. The upper-level distribution depends crucially on the atom-field coupling and it forms 3D periodic structures composed of spheres, hourglasses, bowls, donuts, or deformed barrels.
We propose a scheme for two-dimensional (2D) atom localization in a four-level tripod system under an influence of two orthogonal standing-wave fields. Position information of the atom is retained in the atomic internal states by an additional probe field either of a standing or of a running wave. It is shown that the localization factors depend crucially on the atom-field coupling that results in such spatial structures of populations as spikes, craters, and waves. We demonstrate a high-precision localization due to measurement of population in the upper state or in any ground state.
The high-precision position measurement scheme of a single atom in two-dimensions and three-dimensions is investigated in a four-level tripod-type system. The atom interacts with the two orthogonal standing wave fields (OSWFs) and three OSWFs for two- and three-dimensional (2D, 3D) atom localization. The high-precision position of the atom is observed by adjusting the suitable system parameters. We achieve a high-precision single localized peak in the 2D plane and a single localized sphere smaller than the cubic optical wavelength in 3D volume space. We also see the impact of the Doppler shift on atom localization in 2D and 3D. We show that the Doppler shift dramatically deteriorates the precision of spatial information. The proposed high-precision atom localization scheme has applications in laser cooling and Bose–Einstein condensation phenomena.
We propose a efficient scheme for high-precision three-dimensional (3D) atom localization via spatial interference in a generic double two-level atomic system driven by a weak probe field and three mutually perpendicular standing-wave fields. Because the spatial interference originates from the position-dependent atom-field interaction, the position information of the atom can be obtained by the measurement of the atom population. We find that the precision of 3D atom localization in volumes depends sensitively on the frequency detuning and the phase shifts associated with the standing-wave fields. Interestingly enough, we show that adjusting the frequency detuning and phase shifts can lead to a redistribution of the atoms and a significant change in the visibility of the interference pattern. As a result, the atom can be localized in volumes that are substantially smaller than a cubic optical wavelength.
A scheme of phase-sensitive three-dimensional atom localization (3DAL) is presented based on absorption measurement of the weak probe field in a driven four-level Λ-type atomic system with twofold lower levels in which the atom interacts with three orthogonal standing wave fields. Because of the space-dependent coupling of the atom field in three dimensions, the position probability distribution of the passer atom through the standing wave fields can be straightforwardly assessed by gauging the resultant absorption spectra. It is found that, by appropriately tuning the system parameters, various 3D periodic isosurface patterns of localization including polyhedrons, waves, cylinders, diamonds, lattices, bowling pins, tetrahedrons, cubes, and spheres can be formed and the high-precision and high-resolution 3DAL can be manipulated. Because of the closed-loop structure in this atomic system, the probe absorption is dependent on the relative phase of applied fields. The phase dependence of 3DAL in also discussed.
By using three mutually perpendicular standing-wave fields, we propose a scheme for three-dimensional (3D) subwavelength atom localization in a five-level M-type atomic system. Based on the electromagnetically induced transparency, position probability distribution of the atom in 3D space could be determined via measuring the probe absorption which is proportional to the filter function. It is shown that patterns of 3D atom localization depends sensitively on the coupling schemes of the standing-wave fields. When the standing-wave fields couple three different transitions, the same atom localization patterns are formed in the eight subspaces of the 3D space. While all the standing-wave fields are applied on one transition, we can realize different atom localization patterns in the eight subspaces. From the view of the xy plane, various symmetric or asymmetric atom localization patterns could be formed at different z positions by adjusting the parameters of the laser fields.
Abstract We study the control of high-precision three-dimensional (3D) atom localization by measuring the population of the excited state in a ladder-type three-level atomic system driven by a weak probe field and a control field, together with three mutually perpendicular standing-wave fields. We find that the precision of 3D atom localization in volumes depends sensitively on the frequency detuning of the probe field and the intensity of the control field. Most importantly, we show that adjusting the phase shifts associated with the standing-wave fields leads to a redistribution of the atoms and a significant change of the atomic coherence, so that the atom can be localized in volumes that are substantially smaller than a cubic optical wavelength.