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arXiv:1405.2473 · Mathematical Notes

Normal forms, inner products, and Maslov indices of general multimode squeezings

Alexander Mikhailovich Chebotarev, Timur Tlyachev

Published May 1, 2014• 6 citations
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Abstract

In this paper, we present a purely algebraic construction of the normal factorization of multimode squeezed states and calculate their inner products. This procedure allows one to orthonormalize bases generated by squeezed states. We calculate several correct representations of the normalizing constant for the normal factorization, discuss an analog of the Maslov index for squeezed states, and show that the Jordan decomposition is a useful mathematical tool for problems with degenerate Hamiltonians. As an application of this theory, we consider a nontrivial class of squeezing problems which are solvable in any dimension.

DOI
10.1134/s0001434614050149

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In this paper, we present a purely algebraic construction of the normal factorization of multimode squeezed states and calculate their inner products. This procedure allows one to orthonormalize bases generated by squeezed states. We calculate several correct representations of the normalizing constant for the normal factorization, discuss an analog of the Maslov index for squeezed states, and show that the Jordan decomposition is a useful mathematical tool for problems with degenerate Hamiltonians. As an application of this theory, we consider a nontrivial class of squeezing problems which are solvable in any dimension.
We consider the multimode generalization of the normally ordered factorization formula of squeezings. This formula allows us to establish relationships between various representations of squeezed states, to calculate partial traces, mean values, and variations. The main results are expressed in terms of the matrix representation of canonical transformations, which is a convenient and numerically stable mathematical tool. Explicit representations are given for the inner product and the composition of generalized multimode squeezings. Explicitly solvable evolution problems are considered.
In this paper, we consider quantum multidimensional problems solvable by using the second quantization method. A multidimensional generalization of the Bogolyubov factorization formula, which is an important particular case of the Campbell-Baker-Hausdorff formula, is established. The inner product of multidimensional squeezed states is calculated explicitly; this relationship justifies a general construction of orthonormal systems generated by linear combinations of squeezed states. A correctly defined path integral representation is derived for solutions of the Cauchy problem for the Schrödinger equation describing the dynamics of a charged particle in the superposition of orthogonal constant ( E,H )-fields and a periodic electric field. We show that the evolution of squeezed states runs over compact one-dimensional matrix-valued orbits of squeezed components of the solution, and the evolution of coherent shifts is a random Markov jump process which depends on the periodic component of the potential.
By the complex multimode Bogoliubov transformation, we obtain the general forms of squeeze operators and squeezed states including squeezed vacuum states, squeezed coherent states, squeezed Fock states and squeezed coherent Fock states, for a general multimode boson system. We decompose the squeezed operator into disentangling form in normal ordering to simplify the expressions of the squeezed states. We also calculate the statistical properties of the SS. Furthermore we prove that if it is non-degenerate, a Bogoliubov transformation matrix can be decomposed into three basic matrix, by which we can not only check the criterion of the minimum uncertainty state (MUS) found by Milburn, but also prove that except the special cases, any multimode squeezed state is MUS after the original creation and annihilation operators rotate properly. We also discuss some special cases of the three basic matrices. Finally we give an analytical results of a two-mode system as an example.
The relevant structure of a Bose Fock space using the notion of free commutative algebra with unit element and with a scalar product is incorporated. The squeezed states are then the exponentials of quadratic forms and can be written in the normal form of a general squeeze group. The connection of this group to polarization of the initial Hilbert space is established and its infinitesimal generator is computed. In this way, a common denominator for a series of papers is provided in the topic of light squeezing and last but not least a mathematical formalism is provided that may prove convenient in the general treatment of quantum optics.